Tam sim no transformer (CT) yog ib qho cuab yeej transformer tsim los tsim nyob rau hauv nws theem nrab Circuit Court tam sim no uas yog proportional rau thiab nyob rau hauv theem nrog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws thawj Circuit Court. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txo qis cov dej ntws siab tshaj plaws rau cov qauv ntsuas, ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau nyab xeeb-feem ntau 1 A lossis 5 A- kom cov meters, relays, thiab cov cuab yeej saib xyuas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yam tsis raug cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov tam sim no txaus ntshai. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog ua raws li kev sib nqus sib nqus, tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas tswj hwm lub zog transformers. Ib tug raug AC tam sim no transformer muaj ib los yog ob toroidal ferromagnetic cores, nrog windings ua los ntawm tooj liab hlau. Thawj winding tej zaum yuav yog ib tug tig los yog ib tug busbar hla lub hauv paus, thaum lub thib ob winding muaj ntau lem nyob ntawm seb qhov yuav tsum tau transformation piv.
Tus neeg xyuas pib nqa qhov ntsuas tam sim no ua tus thawj ntawm tam sim no transformer. Lub alternating tam sim no nyob rau hauv thawj winding tsim ib lub sij hawm - sib txawv magnetic flux nyob rau hauv lub core, uas induces ib tug alternating tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding. Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no inversely proportional rau lem ratio: qhov siab dua tus naj npawb ntawm thib ob lem piv rau thawj lem, qhov qis dua theem nrab tam sim no. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tam sim no ntws hauv thawj lub voj voog yog qhov tseeb raws li qhov txo qis tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub voj voog thib ob, tso cai rau kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tam sim no uas muaj peev xwm nyob ntawm kaum mus txog ntau txhiab amperes.
Rau kev ua tau zoo, tam sim no transformer cores yog tsim los kom muaj permeability siab, siab resistivity, thiab qis hysteresis thiab eddy tam sim no poob. Cov cores feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm qib siab - qib ferromagnetic alloys lossis cov ntawv hlau nplaum sib nqus. Qhov thib ob windings rau cov zis tam sim no ntawm 5 A lossis 1 A raug mob rau sab nraud ntawm cov tub ntxhais encapsulated, thiab tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau ntim rau hauv epoxy resin rau rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev tiv thaiv txhua yam.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tam sim no nyob ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb. Lub load tsis kam, los yog lub nra, txuas nrog rau qhov thib ob winding yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov. Yog tias lub nra hnyav dhau lawm, lub transformer yuav saturate thiab tsim cov ntawv nyeem tsis raug. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub voj voog thib ob yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib thaum lub sijhawm tam sim no ntws hauv thawj zaug, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus siv tau, lub tshuab hloov tam sim no ua haujlwm raws li "qib- nqis" tam sim no. Piv txwv li, CT nrog qhov sib piv ntawm 400: 5 yuav tsim 5 amperes nyob rau hauv lub voj voog thib ob thaum 400 amperes ntws los ntawm thawj tus neeg xyuas pib. Qhov kev ntsuas qhov sib npaug no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ntsuas tam sim no yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov qib siab tam sim no. Tus piv yog txiav txim los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm lem nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding txheeb ze rau qhov zoo thawj lem, thiab nws muab ib tug ruaj, txhim khu kev qha kev sib raug zoo uas tso cai rau kev txhais lus tseeb ntawm cov nqi ntsuas.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Transformers tam sim no?
Tam sim no transformers yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv configurations, txhua tus haum rau cov kev cai tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv. Kev nkag siab txog cov hom no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv qhov tsim nyog transformer rau ib qho hluav taws xob muab hluav taws xob.
Qhov rai -Tom CT.Lub qhov rais - hom tam sim no transformer muaj ib tug thib ob winding uas yog kiag li insulated thiab mus tas li sib sau ua ke ntawm cov tub ntxhais, tab sis nws tsis muaj thawj winding raws li ib feem ntawm nws cov qauv. Cov kab hluav taws xob tau dhau los ntawm lub qhov rais qhib los ua tus thawj winding. Hom kev tsim kho no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv chav kawm 600-volt thiab muaj nuj nqis rau nws txoj kev yooj yim thiab compact tsim. Tus naj npawb ntawm thawj lem yog txiav txim los ntawm pes tsawg zaus tus neeg xyuas pib hla lub qhov rais; ib zaug dhau ib zaug, thiab looping tus neeg xyuas pib los ntawm ob zaug txo qhov zoo piv los ntawm ib nrab.
Bar -Tom CT.Lub bar - hom tam sim no transformer zoo ib yam li lub qhov rais hom, tshwj tsis yog tias ib tug taag, insulated ncaj neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug bar, pas nrig, los yog lub raj yog txuas mus tas li los ntawm lub magnetic Circuit Court. Qhov bar no ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug thawj zaug tig. Lub bar - hom tsim tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau lub installer los khiav lub ntsiab tus neeg xyuas pib los ntawm lub qhov rais, ua rau nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov ntawv thov uas tus thawj neeg xyuas pib yog lub busbar nruj. Lub bar tuaj yeem raug kho tas li nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm lossis tshem tau, nyob ntawm tus qauv tshwj xeeb.
Qhov txhab -Type CT.Lub qhov txhab- hom tam sim no transformer muaj ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab windings uas yog insulated kiag li thiab mus tas li sib sau ua ke ntawm cov tub ntxhais. Lub hauv paus winding feem ntau yog muaj ntau yam lem ntawm hnyav tooj liab conductor mechanically encircling cov tub ntxhais. Hom kev tsim kho no tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntau dua hauv kev ua tiav cov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas cov thawj tam sim no kuj qis thiab ntau dua ntawm cov thawj lem yog qhov zoo.
Split-Core CT.Qhov sib cais-core tam sim no transformer yog tsim los rau kev yooj yim installation thiab tshem tawm yam tsis tau disconnecting tus thawj conductor. Nws cov tub ntxhais tuaj yeem qhib thiab clamped ib ncig ntawm lub cable lossis busbar uas twb muaj lawm, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov rov qab thiab cov xwm txheej uas cuam tshuam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo lossis raug nqi. Thaum sib cais-cov tub ntxhais CTs muab kev yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa, lawv feem ntau muaj cov chav kawm raug me ntsis piv rau cov khoom siv- cov tub ntxhais tsim vim qhov sib txawv me me hauv lawv qhov kev tsim kho.
Bushing -Tom CT.Lub bushing - hom tam sim no transformer yog tsim integrally rau hauv bushing ntawm lub hwj chim transformer los yog Circuit Court breaker. Qhov kev tsim no feem ntau yog siv hauv nruab nrab - thiab siab -voltage substations, qhov twg CT yog mounted nyob ib ncig ntawm lub bushing nws tus kheej, tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev sib txuas thawj.
Classification los ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov.Ntxiv nrog rau hom kev tsim kho, tam sim no transformers kuj tau muab cais los ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Metering CTs yog tsim los rau qhov raug siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no, feem ntau txog li 125% ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no. Kev tiv thaiv CTs yog tsim los tswj qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua txhaum loj tam sim no, feem ntau txog 20 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no, kom ntseeg tau tias cov kev tiv thaiv relay tuaj yeem ntes thiab teb rau qhov tsis raug. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov hom no nyob ntawm seb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev ntsuas nyiaj tau los, kev saib xyuas lub cev, lossis kev tiv thaiv relaying.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Txoj Cai Tam Sim No Transformer?
Xaiv qhov tsim nyog tam sim no transformer yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam ntawm ob peb yam tsis sib xws. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm CT cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thiab daim ntawv thov tiag tiag tuaj yeem ua rau kev ntsuas qhov tsis raug, khoom siv puas tsuaj, lossis tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm kom raug.
Txiav txim qhov tseeb ua haujlwm tam sim no.Thawj kauj ruam yog los tsim kom muaj qhov ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm lub voj voog, uas yuav txawv ntawm qhov nominal transformer lossis switchgear ntsuas. Piv txwv li, ib txoj kab nrog 1000 A lub ntsiab breaker uas ib txwm ua haujlwm ntawm 120-180 A yuav xav tau qis dua CT thawj qhov ntsuas dua li qhov loj me me ib leeg xav. CT thawj qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum feem ntau raug xaiv ntawm 1.2 txog 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws thauj khoom tam sim no kom tsis txhob muaj qhov saturation thaum tswj kev daws teeb meem txaus ntawm cov haujlwm ib txwm muaj.
Xaiv qhov Primary/Secondary Ratio.Qhov sib piv CT yuav tsum sib haum nrog ob qho tib si ntsuas kab tam sim no thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom ntsuas kev sib txuas. Cov kev ntsuas theem nrab ntawm 1 A thiab 5 A tau siv dav. Ib qho piv txwv CT uas siab dhau lawm yuav ua rau cov tam sim no me me dhau los rau kev nyeem kom raug raws li cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, thaum qhov sib piv uas qis dhau yuav ua rau cov hloov pauv mus rau tam sim no dhau ntawm nws qhov kev txwv.
Xaiv qhov tseeb chav kawm.Cov chav kawm raug txiav txim siab qhov ua yuam kev siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub nra hnyav. Rau kev ntsuas cov nyiaj tau los, cov chav kawm raug ntawm 0.5 lossis zoo dua raug pom zoo. Rau kev saib xyuas-tsuas yog daim ntawv thov, chav kawm 1 yuav txaus. Kev tiv thaiv CTs feem ntau siv cov chav kawm xws li 5P lossis 10P, uas qhia txog qhov yuam kev ntau tshaj plaws ntawm qhov raug txwv.
Ntsuam xyuas Burden.Lub nra hnyav ntawm CT yuav tsum ntau dua li tag nrho lub nra ntawm cov cuab yeej txuas nrog, cov khoom sib txuas, thiab cov xaim. Yog tias lub nra hnyav tshaj qhov ntsuas tus nqi, CT yuav saturate thiab tsim cov ntawv nyeem tsis raug. Lub nra no feem ntau qhia hauv volt-amperes (VA) lossis ohms impedance. Rau kev khiav hauj lwm ntev cable, 1 A theem nrab CT tej zaum yuav zoo dua, vim nws qhov qis tam sim no txo cov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm ib qho ntawm 25 piv rau 5 A theem nrab CT.
Xav txog kev txwv lub cev kev teeb tsa.Lub cev qhov ntev ntawm CT-tshwj xeeb yog lub qhov rais lossis qhov loj me me- yuav tsum ua kom haum rau thawj tus neeg xyuas pib lossis busbar. Kev teeb tsa mounting, muaj qhov chaw nyob hauv lub switchgear lossis vaj huam sib luag, thiab ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob xws li kub thiab av noo yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Split-core CTs yog qhov zoo rau cov haujlwm ua haujlwm rov qab uas tus thawj coj tsis tuaj yeem raug txiav.
Tshawb xyuas kev sib raug zoo nrog cov cuab yeej txuas.Cov zis CT thib ob yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ntsuas, relay, lossis ntsuas ntsuas. Siv 5 A CT nrog cov cuab yeej tsim los rau 1 A cov tswv yim, lossis rov ua dua, yuav ua rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis raug thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo.
Tam sim no Transformer Ratio txhais li cas?
Tam sim no transformer ratio txhais cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov thawj tam sim no thiab theem nrab tam sim no. Nws yog feem ntau qhia raws li qhov piv txwv xws li 300: 5, 600: 5, los yog 1000: 1, qhia tias ib qho tseem ceeb tam sim no sib raug rau tus qauv theem nrab tam sim no. Qhov piv txwv no yog ib yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab seb qhov tam sim no ntsuas li cas hauv kev ntsuas hluav taws xob lossis kev tiv thaiv.
Piv txwv li, tam sim no transformer ntsuas ntawm 200: 5 muaj qhov sib piv ntawm 40: 1, txhais tau hais tias 200 amperes ntws los ntawm lub hauv paus Circuit Court yuav tsim 5 amperes nyob rau hauv lub thib ob Circuit Court. Ib qho CT nrog qhov sib piv ntawm 600: 5 txo cov thawj tam sim no los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 120 los tsim cov zis ntsuas tau. Qhov kev ntsuas qhov sib npaug no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas tam sim no yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qib siab tam sim no.
Qhov ratio yog txiav txim los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm lem nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding txheeb ze rau qhov zoo thawj lem. Nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov rais - hom CT, thawj tus neeg xyuas pib dhau los ntawm cov tub ntxhais ua ib qho tig, thiab qhov thib ob winding muaj ntau qhov sib tw. A CT nrog 5 A theem nrab thiab 20 lem yuav muaj lub npe phaj piv ntawm 100: 5. Qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhia raws li qhov piv ntawm cov kev hloov pauv thib ob mus rau thawj qhov kev hloov pauv, thiab cov thawj tam sim no sib npaug rau qhov thib ob tam sim no muab faib los ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no-.
Qhov piv tau zoo tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev hloov pauv tus lej ntawm thawj zaug los ntawm CT qhov rais. Piv txwv li, looping thawj tus neeg xyuas pib ob zaug los ntawm 100: 5 transformer tam sim no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm 50: 5. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no tso cai rau cov qib siab tam sim no hloov mus rau qhov ntsuas tam sim no tsim nyog rau cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.
Tus qauv CT piv tau raug xaiv raws li cov theem tam sim no thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov cuab yeej txuas. Feem ntau muaj xws li 100:5, 200:5, 300:5, 400:5, 600:5, thiab 1000:5. Qhov thib ob tam sim no feem ntau yog tus qauv ntawm 5 A lossis 1 A kom phim cov ntsuas ntsuas thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv.
Qhov kev xaiv tam sim no feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Yog tias qhov sib piv siab dhau lawm, qhov ntsuas tam sim no yuav tsawg dhau los muab kev nyeem kom raug raws li kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Yog tias qhov sib piv qis dhau lawm, lub tshuab hloov pauv yuav raug cuam tshuam rau qib tam sim no ntau dua li qhov xav tau, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm saturation thiab ntsuas qhov yuam kev. Kev xaiv qhov sib piv raug ua kom ntseeg tau tias ob lub ntsuas ntsuas thiab kev tiv thaiv relays tau txais cov cim tam sim no txhim khu kev qha.
Tam sim no transformer piv feem ntau yog xaiv kom lub siab tshaj plaws load tam sim no yuav nyeem kwv yees li 70% ntawm tag nrho scale ntawm tus qauv 5 A ammeter. Yog li, CT thawj qhov ntsuas yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 140-150% ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws load tam sim no-. Cov npoo no muab lub taub hau rau cov overloads ib ntus thaum tswj kom muaj kev daws teeb meem txaus ntawm cov kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no.
Dab tsi yog Chav Kawm Qhov Tseeb ntawm Tam Sim No Transformer?
Cov chav kawm raug ntawm lub transformer tam sim no txhais qhov siab tshaj qhov yuam kev hauv nws qhov kev hloov pauv thiab theem hloov pauv raws li kev ua haujlwm tau teev tseg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas txiav txim siab seb CT puas haum rau ib daim ntawv thov, txawm tias nws yog kev ntsuas nyiaj tau los, kev saib xyuas, lossis kev tiv thaiv relaying.
Rau kev ntsuas kev ntsuas, IEC tus qauv txhais cov chav kawm raug ntawm 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 3, thiab 5. Cov lej no sawv cev qhov txwv ntawm qhov yuam kev hauv feem pua ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no. Piv txwv li, Chav Kawm 0.5 metering CT yuav muaj qhov ua yuam kev tsis tshaj ± 0.5% ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no. Cov kev txwv ntawm kev ua yuam kev rau lwm qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no tau teev nyob rau hauv cov rooj sib tham, nrog rau kev txwv ntau dua ntawm qhov qis dua. ANSI txhais tau peb qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntsuas: 0.3, 0.6, thiab 1.2, nrog rau qhov sib piv qhov kev hloov kho qhov txwv ntawm 1 ± 0.3%, 1 ± 0.6%, thiab 1 ± 1.2% ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no. Ob zaug qhov kev kho yog tso cai ntawm 10% rated tam sim no.
Rau kev tiv thaiv daim ntawv thov, chav kawm raug raug xaiv los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai feem pua ntawm qhov kev ntsuas qhov raug txwv thawj zaug tam sim no, ua raws li tsab ntawv "P" rau kev tiv thaiv. Cov chav kawm raug tus qauv rau kev tiv thaiv tam sim no transformers yog 5P thiab 10P. A 5P CT muaj qhov sib piv ntawm qhov yuam kev ntawm 1% thiab theem yuam kev tsis pub tshaj 60 feeb, thaum 10P CT muaj qhov sib piv ntawm 3% tsis muaj theem ntawm qhov yuam kev teev-. Tus lej tom qab lub npe "P" qhia qhov tseeb txwv qhov tseem ceeb, uas qhia txog ntau yam ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no uas qhov raug tswj xyuas. Piv txwv li, 5P20 CT tswj 5% kev ua yuam kev mus txog 20 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no.
Chav kawm raug raug txhais raws li lub nra hnyav. Lub nra hnyav yog lub nra hnyav uas yuav raug yuam rau ntawm qhov hloov pauv thib ob los ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas coils, cov hlau lead, thiab lwm yam khoom siv txuas nrog yam tsis ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev ntau dua li qhov kev faib tawm qhov tseeb. Yog hais tias qhov tseeb lub nra tshaj lub nra hnyav, qhov tseeb yuav degrade loj.
Metering CTs yog tsim los rau qhov raug siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no, feem ntau txog li 125% ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no. Lawv feem ntau tsim los kom saturate ntawm cov dej ntws siab dua los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv ntsuas kev sib txuas los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum. Kev tiv thaiv CTs, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, yog tsim los tswj qhov tseeb txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua txhaum loj, feem ntau txog li 20 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no, kom ntseeg tau tias cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem raug kuaj xyuas thiab teb rau qhov tsis raug. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim lub hom phiaj piav qhia yog vim li cas qhov ntsuas CT yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov pauv rau kev tiv thaiv CT, lossis rov ua dua.
Qhov txawv ntawm 1A thiab 5A tam sim no Transformers yog dab tsi?
Tam sim no transformers muaj nyob rau hauv ob tus qauv theem nrab qhov ntsuas tam sim no: 1 A thiab 5 A. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ob txoj kev xaiv no muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev tsim qauv, kev xav tau ntawm kev xaim, thiab tag nrho cov nqi.
5 A theem nrab tam sim no yog tus qauv ntau dua hauv ntau lub khw. Feem ntau cov ntsuas ntsuas thiab cov relays yog tsim los nrog 5 A input coils, thiab qhov siab dua tam sim no muab lub teeb liab muaj zog dua uas tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lub suab nrov thiab kev sib nqus sib nqus. 5 A tus qauv muaj keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab tseem siv dav hauv qhov tsawg-voltage thiab nruab nrab-voltage applications qhov kev ncua deb ntawm CT thiab cov cuab yeej txuas nrog luv luv.
Lub 1 A theem nrab tam sim no yog qhov zoo dua rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj kev ntsuas ntev cable khiav. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm 1 A CT nyob rau hauv nws qhov txo qis zog poob hauv kev sib txuas ua ke. Lub hwj chim dissipated nyob rau hauv cov xaim yog proportional rau square ntawm tam sim no, yog li txo qhov thib ob tam sim no ntawm 5 A mus rau 1 A txo cov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm ib qho ntawm 25. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias rau tib lub cable cross -section, 1 A CT tuaj yeem nyob mus txog 25 npaug deb ntawm lub 'meter' los yog relay tshaj li 5 A CT.
Qhov qis dua theem nrab tam sim no tseem tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntau dua thiab sib dua, txo cov khoom siv thiab nqi. 1 A CT feem ntau yuav tsum muaj tsawg dua qhov thib ob ntawm cov xov hlau zoo dua, uas ua rau nws siv nyiaj ntau dua.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus siv tau, 5 A theem nrab yog siv thaum cov cuab yeej lossis cov relays nyob ze ntawm lub transformer, feem ntau tsawg dua 10 meters deb. A 1 A theem nrab yog xaiv tau zoo dua thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov tam sim no transformer thiab lub ntsuas los yog relay tshaj 10 meters-. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj substation uas cov CTs nyob rau hauv lub switchyard thiab cov kev tiv thaiv thiab metering khoom nyob rau hauv lub tswj tsev, 1 A CTs yog tus qauv xaiv.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm 1 A thiab 5 A kuj cuam tshuam rau CT lub nra hnyav. A CT nrog 1 A theem nrab tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev ntsuas VA nrog tsawg dua qhov thib ob, thiab lub nra ntawm cov kev sib txuas yog qis dua. Qhov no tso cai rau CT ua haujlwm nrog cov npoo ntau dua ua ntej saturation, txhim kho qhov tseeb raws li qhov tsis raug.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias 1 A thiab 5 A CTs tsis hloov pauv. Cov ntsuas txuas thiab cov relays yuav tsum tau teev tseg rau qhov tseeb thib ob tam sim no. Kev sib xyaw ntawm 1 A CT nrog 5 A meter, lossis rov ua dua, yuav ua rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis raug thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo.
Qhov txawv ntawm Metering thiab kev tiv thaiv tam sim no Transformers yog dab tsi?
Metering thiab kev tiv thaiv tam sim no transformers pab lub hom phiaj sib txawv, thiab lawv cov qauv tsim muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kev xav tau sib txawv. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim qauv tsim nyog thiab kev ua haujlwm txhim khu kev qha.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj.Metering CTs yog tsim los rau qhov raug siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no. Lawv yuav tsum raug hloov pauv tam sim no los ntawm ib feem me me ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no txog li 125% ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no, vim tias cov nyiaj tau los ntsuas qhov xav tau qhov tseeb thoob plaws tag nrho ntawm cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj. Cov chav kawm raug xws li 0.2, 0.5, thiab 1.0 yog ib txwm siv rau kev ntsuas ntsuas. Kev tiv thaiv CTs, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov raug siab tib yam ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no. Lawv qhov tseeb yog teev nyob rau hauv siab txhaum tam sim no, feem ntau qhia raws li kev sib xyaw ua yuam kev ntawm qhov raug txwv qhov tseem ceeb. Cov chav kawm tiv thaiv tus qauv yog 5P thiab 10P, qhia txog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 5% thiab 10% feem ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov raug txwv tam sim no.
Saturation yam ntxwv.Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsim qhov sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv tus cwj pwm saturation ntawm lub hauv paus. Metering CTs yog tsim los kom saturate ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj ntau ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho -load tam sim no lossis me ntsis saum toj no. Qhov no txhob txwm saturation thaum ntxov tiv thaiv cov kev sib txuas metering twj los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm ua txhaum. Kev tiv thaiv CTs, txawm li cas los xij, yog tsim los kom nyob twj ywm ntawm cov dej ntws ntau dua, feem ntau mus txog 10, 20, lossis txawm tias 30 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no. Kev tiv thaiv CT core yog tsim los ua haujlwm zoo hauv qab nws qhov chaw saturation nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum cai, kom ntseeg tau tias lub relay tau txais qhov tseeb sawv cev ntawm qhov txhaum tam sim no.
Safety Factor.Qhov xwm txheej kev nyab xeeb txiav txim siab qhov ntau ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no uas CT saturates. Metering CTs muaj qhov tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb tsawg, txhais tau tias lawv saturate ntawm qhov tam sim no qis los tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej. Kev tiv thaiv CTs muaj qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb siab, tso cai rau lawv tiv taus thiab hloov pauv cov kev ua txhaum loj.
Burden thiab Core Size.Kev tiv thaiv CTs feem ntau xav tau cov cores loj dua thiab muaj peev xwm VA siab dua los tiv thaiv saturation thaum muaj teeb meem loj. Cov tub ntxhais loj dua muab cov khoom sib nqus ntau dua los tswj cov qib flux siab cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum tam sim no yam tsis muaj saturating. Metering CTs tuaj yeem siv cov cores me dua vim lawv tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua kom raug ntawm cov khoom thauj tam sim no.
Cov ntsiab lus thov.Kev ntsuas CTs yog siv rau kev ntsuas nyiaj tau los, kev saib xyuas lub zog, thiab kev tswj hwm lub zog uas qhov tseeb cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev them nqi thiab kev txiav txim siab ua haujlwm. Kev tiv thaiv CTs yog siv nrog kev tiv thaiv relays rau kev tiv thaiv overcurrent, kev tiv thaiv kev sib txawv, kev tiv thaiv kev deb, thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm uas txhim khu kev lag luam hauv kev ua txhaum yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txoj cai tseem ceeb yog tias metering CT yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau kev tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj, vim tias nws yuav saturate thaum muaj kev txhaum thiab tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv raug. Hloov pauv, kev tiv thaiv CT tuaj yeem siv rau kev ntsuas yog tias nws cov chav kawm raug txaus, txawm tias qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev coj ua.
Yuav ua li cas rau nruab ib lub Transformer tam sim no?
Kev txhim kho kom zoo ntawm lub tshuab hloov tam sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb, kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv. Cov txheej txheem installation muaj ob peb kauj ruam tseem ceeb thiab ceev faj.
Kev Npaj Kev Nyab Xeeb.Thawj tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum tau de-energized thaum twg los tau ua ntej txhim kho, tshem tawm, los yog repositioning CT. Cov txheej txheem kaw / tagout yuav tsum raug siv, nrog rau qhov tsim nyog arc-flash cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej thiab lwm yam kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb rau cov khoom thaiv thiab chav kawm voltage. Ua ntej kev teeb tsa, CT yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas rau txhua qhov kev puas tsuaj, suav nrog cov vaj tsev tawg, cov hlau lead puas, xoob mounting hardware, lossis cov cim qhia ntawm overheating. CT's rated voltage, tam sim no piv, lwm yam tso zis hom, thiab lub nra yuav tsum tau lees paub raws li haum rau lub installation.
Lub cev Mounting.CT yuav tsum tau mounted ruaj ntseg thiab nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb orientation. Rau qhov rais-hom thiab bar- hom CTs, thawj tus neeg xyuas pib lossis lub tsheb npav yuav tsum dhau los ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais. Tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov rais kom ntseeg tau tias sib nqus sib nqus sib txuas. Lub CT yuav tsum tau mounted kom nws yog theem thiab ua kom zoo, nrog rau nws lub hauv paus nrees txuas mus rau lub mounting nto los tiv thaiv kev co thiab txav uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb.
Polarity thiab Orientation.Qhov tseeb polarity yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas kom raug thiab ua haujlwm relay kom raug. CT terminals feem ntau yog cim P1 thiab P2 ntawm thawj sab thiab S1 thiab S2 nyob rau sab thib ob. P1 davhlau ya nyob twg yuav tsum fim lub hwj chim qhov chaw. Yog tias cov kev sib txuas tau thim rov qab, qhov ntsuas tam sim no yuav hloov los ntawm 180 degrees, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev tiv thaiv relays ua haujlwm tsis raug.
Thib Ob Cov Hluav Taws Xob.Cov kab hluav taws xob thib ob yuav tsum txuas nrog lub ntsuas ntsuas, relay, lossis saib xyuas cov cuab yeej siv cov khoom siv tsim nyog. Rau 5 A thib ob circuits, 1.5 mm² lossis ntau dua - tub ntxhais cable feem ntau pom zoo. Qhov thib ob Circuit Court yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib sab laug thaum thawj tus neeg xyuas pib muaj zog. Ib qho qhib nruab nrab tuaj yeem tsim cov hluav taws xob txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj lossis ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai. Yog tias qhov thib ob tsis txuas nrog lub cuab yeej, nws yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb luv luv -circuited.
Hauv av.Lub kaw lus hlau ntawm CT thiab txhua qhov chaw cuam tshuam yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv av los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab. Qhov thib ob Circuit Court yuav tsum tau grounded nyob rau hauv ib tug point nkaus xwb los tiv thaiv circulating tam sim no.
Kev pov thawj.Tom qab kev teeb tsa, CT piv, polarity, thiab lub nra yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sim. Qhov thib ob Circuit Court yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov txuas ntxiv thiab raug xaim. Kev kuaj xyuas kev thauj khoom yuav tsum tau ua kom paub meej tias CT ua haujlwm raug thiab tias lub ntsuas hluav taws xob lossis relay tau txais cov teeb liab raug.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Ntsuam Xyuas Tam Sim No Transformer?
Kev ntsuas lub tshuab hloov tam sim no ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua haujlwm raug thiab yuav muab kev ntsuas raug thiab kev tiv thaiv txhim khu kev qha. Ib qho kev sim ua tiav suav nrog ntau cov txheej txheem kuaj mob tseem ceeb.
Rwb thaiv tsev Resistance Test.Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no ntsuas qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm windings thiab nruab nrab ntawm windings thiab hauv av. Ib qho 2500 V megohmmeter feem ntau yog siv, nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv ntsuas ntawm thawj qhov cua thiab hauv av, theem nrab winding thiab hauv av, thiab nruab nrab ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab windings. Rau kev noj qab haus huv CT, lub rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 500 MΩ rau thawj winding thiab 1000 MΩ rau qhov thib ob winding.
Ratio Test.Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas piv qhia tau tias CT qhov kev hloov pauv tiag tiag yog qhov sib piv nws cov ntawv teev npe. Ib tug paub tam sim no yog siv rau thawj winding, thiab qhov tshwm sim theem nrab tam sim no yog ntsuas. Qhov ntsuas ntsuas yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov kam rau ua tau teev tseg los ntawm chav kawm raug. Rau 0.2 chav kawm metering CT, qhov sib piv qhov yuam kev yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj ± 0.5%, thiab theem hloov pauv yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj ± 30 feeb.
Polarity Test.Qhov tseeb polarity yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv relays thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas. Ib qho yooj yim DC polarity xeem yuav siv tau ib tug me me DC mem tes hla cov thawj winding thiab soj ntsuam qhov induced voltage ntawm lub thib ob winding nrog ib tug rhiab meter. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov induced voltage qhia seb lub polarity puas yog. Xwb, ib theem -lub kaum sab xis siv tau los sib piv cov theem kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no-.
Excitation (Knee-Point) Test.Qhov kev sim no txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv saturation ntawm CT core los ntawm kev siv qhov nce AC voltage mus rau theem nrab winding thaum lub hauv paus qhib. Qhov kev siv hluav taws xob tau nce los ntawm xoom hauv cov kauj ruam, thiab qhov sib thooj excitation tam sim no raug kaw. Lub hauv caug - taw tes voltage yog txhais raws li qhov voltage ntawm 10% nce nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv voltage ua rau ib tug 30% mus rau 50% nce nyob rau hauv lwm yam tam sim no. Qhov kev sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv CTs, vim nws paub tseeb tias CT yuav tsis saturate ntxov ntxov thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum-.
Burden Test.Kev ntsuas lub nra hnyav ntsuas qhov tseeb impedance ntawm lub voj voog thib ob, suav nrog cov cuab yeej txuas nrog, relays, thiab xaim. Lub nra ntsuas yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj CT lub nra hnyav; Txwv tsis pub, CT yuav saturate thiab tsim cov ntawv nyeem tsis raug.
Demagnetization.Tom qab DC tsis kam ntsuas los yog lwm yam kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav qhia txog qhov seem hlau nplaum rau hauv cov tub ntxhais, CT yuav tsum tau demagnetized. Qhov no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv maj mam txo qis AC voltage mus rau theem nrab winding. Ib tug magnetized core tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb-.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Xeem.Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev sim tshuaj thawj zaug tuaj yeem ua kom paub tseeb tag nrho cov kev ntsuas tam sim no, suav nrog CT, xov hlau, thiab cov khoom siv txuas nrog. Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no los ntawm lub hauv paus Circuit Court thiab xyuas kom meej tias qhov tseeb qhov tseem ceeb tau tshwm sim ntawm cov meters thiab relays.
Dab tsi yog Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Tam Sim No Transformers?
Tam sim no transformers yog indispensable Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntsuas, xyuas, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm circuits nqa high tam sim no. Lawv daim ntawv thov nthuav dav ntau yam kev lag luam thiab qhov system voltages.
Kev ntsuas nyiaj tau los.Ib qho ntawm feem ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm tam sim no transformers yog nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj tau los metering. Hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tam sim no feem ntau tshaj qhov ntsuas ncaj qha ntawm cov ntsuas hluav taws xob. CTs txo cov thawj tam sim no mus rau tus qauv 5 A lossis 1 A qib uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau zoo. Lub 'meter' ces muab cov ntsuas tam sim no los ntawm CT piv los txiav txim siab qhov kev siv hluav taws xob tiag tiag. Kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm CTs nrog cov chav kawm raug siab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev them nqi ncaj ncees thiab meej.
Kev tiv thaiv Relaying.Tam sim no transformers muab cov teeb liab tam sim no xav tau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv relays txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm Kev tiv thaiv CTs yog tsim los hloov pauv qhov txhaum tam sim no, uas tej zaum yuav muaj ntau zaus ntawm cov khoom thauj tam sim no, kom cov relays tuaj yeem ntseeg tau qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj thiab cov xwm txheej tsis raug. Cov ntawv thov suav nrog kev tiv thaiv overcurrent, tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum hauv ntiaj teb, kev tiv thaiv sib txawv, thiab kev tiv thaiv nyob deb-.
Kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj xyuas hluav taws xob.Hauv cov chaw tsim khoom thiab kev lag luam, CTs tau siv dav hauv kev saib xyuas lub zog los ntsuas qhov ntsuas tam sim no, lub zog, lub zog, thiab lub zog tsis zoo. Cov kab ke no pab cov neeg tswj xyuas chaw txheeb xyuas cov khoom pov tseg hluav taws xob, txhim kho cov khoom xa tawm, thiab txo cov nqi hluav taws xob. CTs yog ntsia rau ntawm feeders, motors, thiab loads loj thoob plaws hauv lub tis system.
Switchgear thiab Distribution Systems.Tam sim no transformers yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm nruab nrab -voltage thiab low-voltage switchgear. Lawv muab kev ntsuas tam sim no rau ammeters, lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab kev tiv thaiv relays nyob rau hauv lub switchgear los ua ke. Bushing- hom CTs feem ntau yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov no, mounted nyob ib ncig ntawm cov thawj bushings ntawm Circuit Court breakers thiab transformers.
Lub cev muaj zog tswj thiab kev tiv thaiv.CTs yog siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw tswj lub cev muaj zog thiab lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv relays los saib xyuas lub cev muaj zog tam sim no thiab kuaj pom cov khoom siv ntau dhau, theem tsis sib xws, thiab lub ntiaj teb ua txhaum. Kev tiv thaiv lub cev muaj zog CTs yuav tsum tau tsim los tswj lub siab pib tam sim no cuam tshuam nrog lub cev muaj zog pib thaum tswj xyuas qhov tseeb raws li kev khiav haujlwm ib txwm muaj-.
Kev tiv thaiv Generator.Cov tshuab hluav taws xob loj yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem kev tiv thaiv uas siv tam sim no transformers txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis raug sab hauv, qhov sib txawv tam sim no, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob CTs feem ntau yog tsim los nrog cov neeg raug siab thiab lub hauv caug siab -point voltage kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv.
Fais fab Electronics thiab teeb liab tawm tswv yim.Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob xws li cov tsav tsheb sib txawv thiab cov inverters, CTs muab cov lus tawm tswv yim tam sim no rau kev tswj algorithms. Cov CTs no yuav tsum muaj bandwidth txaus los hloov cov tam sim no uas muaj - cov khoom siv zaus.
Substation Automation.Niaj hnub nimno substations siv transformers tam sim no nrog cov outputs los yog tsawg- fais fab tso zis uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntse (IEDs) ua ib feem ntawm IEC 61850-based substation automation systems. Cov CTs hluav taws xob no muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov loj me, qhov tseeb, thiab kev koom ua ke nrog cov kev sib txuas lus digital-.
Ground Fault Detection.CTs yog siv nyob rau hauv av txhaum kev tiv thaiv systems los xyuas me me to tam sim no uas yuav qhia tau hais tias rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua hauj lwm los yog inadvertent grounding. Sensitive CTs nrog siab permeability cores yog siv rau daim ntawv thov no los xyuas cov tam sim no tsawg li ob peb milliamperes