Taw qhia
Tam sim no transformers (CTs) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub. Lawv tso cai rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab hauv cov khoom xa tawm los ntsuas, saib xyuas, thiab siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas siab - cov neeg xyuas pib tam sim no ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom siv ntsuas los yog cov cuab yeej tswj.
Nyob rau hauv lub zog faib hluav taws xob, tam sim no transformers tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv switchgear, tis panels, substations, feeder circuits, tiv thaiv systems, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntsuas. Los ntawm kev hloov cov thawj tam sim no rau hauv cov qauv qis dua theem nrab tam sim no, CT tsim ib qho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm high - fais fab hluav taws xob circuits thiab qis - qib ntsuas lossis cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm CT yog li tsis txwv rau kev ntsuas tam sim no. Nws tseem tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob, kev saib xyuas lub cev, kev kuaj xyuas qhov tsis raug, thiab kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm.
1. Kev ntsuas tam sim no nyob rau hauv Distribution Systems
Ib qho ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tam sim no yog ua kom muaj qhov ntsuas tam sim no yooj yim dua.
Cov kab hluav taws xob xa tawm tuaj yeem nqa cov dej ntws uas siab dhau los txuas ncaj qha rau cov ntsuas ntsuas. A CT txo qhov tam sim no mus rau qhov tsim nyog theem nrab, xws li 1A lossis 5A, nyob ntawm qhov tsim qauv.
Piv txwv li, 600/5A CT tuaj yeem muab qhov tam sim no thib ob ntawm kwv yees li 5A thaum lub sijhawm tam sim no nce mus txog nws qhov ntsuas 600A raws li cov xwm txheej.
Tom qab ntawd qhov qis dua tam sim no tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov cuab yeej ntsuas tsim nyog.
Qhov no tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yam tsis muaj qhov siab tam sim no ncaj qha rau hauv qhov ntsuas ntsuas.
2. Txhawb zog ntsuas
Tam sim no transformers yog dav siv rau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Hauv cov tsev lag luam, cov chaw tsim khoom, cov chaw ua haujlwm substations, thiab lwm yam kev faib khoom, CTs tuaj yeem txuas nrog lub zog ntsuas ntsuas tam sim no thiab suav cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab kev siv hluav taws xob.
CT yuav tsum muaj qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov npaj.
Xaiv qhov raug CT piv kuj tseem ceeb. Yog tias qhov sib piv CT tsis zoo li qhov xav tau tam sim no, qhov ntsuas ntsuas yuav tsis muab qhov kev xav tau.
Rau cov kev siv hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob, yam xws li cov chav kawm raug, lub nra, kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no, thiab cov kev ntsuas kev sib txuas yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab.
3. Muab cov teeb liab tam sim no rau kev tiv thaiv Relays
Lwm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm CTs hauv kev faib hluav taws xob yog txhawb nqa cov khoom siv tiv thaiv.
Kev tiv thaiv relays xav tau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tam sim no ntws los ntawm hluav taws xob circuits. CT muab lub teeb liab txo tam sim no uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab ke.
Yog tias muaj teeb meem txawv txav xws li luv luv lossis overcurrent loj heev tshwm sim, qhov kev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siv CT signals los txheeb xyuas tus mob thiab pib qhov kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog.
CT uas siv los tiv thaiv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm siab - tam sim no txhaum cai.
4. Tshawb xyuas cov xwm txheej tam sim no txawv txav
CTs tuaj yeem pab faib cov tshuab kuaj xyuas qhov txawv txav tam sim no.
Piv txwv li:
* Overcurrent
* Short circuits
* Phase imbalance
* Hauv av faults
* Cov xwm txheej thauj khoom txawv txav
CT nws tus kheej tsis nquag txiav txim siab tiv thaiv zaum kawg. Hloov chaw, nws muab cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no rau cov ntsuas, ntsuas lub tshuab, lossis kev tiv thaiv relays.
Cov cuab yeej no txheeb xyuas cov teeb liab tam sim no thiab txiav txim siab seb puas muaj qhov txawv txav tshwm sim.
5. Saib xyuas Feeder Circuits
Distribution feeders nqa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv faib khoom mus rau cov khoom qis.
CTs tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los saib xyuas cov dej ntws tam sim no.
Los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov khoom noj tam sim no, cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev thauj khoom thiab cov xwm txheej hauv lub cev.
Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem pab tau rau:
* Load tswj
* Cov khoom siv saib xyuas
* Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
* Kev soj ntsuam yuam kev
* Kev tswj fais fab
Rau cov tshuab xa khoom loj dua, saib xyuas ntau lub tshuab pub khoom noj tuaj yeem muab cov duab pom tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob raug faib thoob plaws hauv qhov chaw.
6. Txhawb Peb -Theem Fais Fais Fais Fais Fab faib
Ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob siv peb -theem hluav taws xob network.
CTs tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm tus kheej theem los ntsuas theem tam sim no.
Peb -theem CT kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem txhawb nqa:
* Kev ntsuas tam sim no
* Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob
* Kev saib xyuas theem
* Kev tiv thaiv kab ke
* Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo
Kev txheeb xyuas theem kom raug thiab polarity yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum muaj ntau yam CTs raug teeb tsa hauv peb theem -.
Kev xaim tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau qhov ntsuas tsis raug lossis cuam tshuam rau qee yam kev tiv thaiv.
7. Kev koom ua ke nrog Switchgear
Switchgear yog ib qho chaw nyob rau tam sim no transformers.
CTs tuaj yeem ntsia tau ib ncig ntawm cov neeg siv hluav taws xob lossis sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los muab cov teeb liab tam sim no rau cov ntsuas thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.
Hauv qhov system hloov pauv, CTs tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ob qho kev ntsuas thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm.
Lub cev qhov ntev, qhov yuav tsum tau rwb thaiv tsev, qhov kev ntsuas tam sim no, qhov ntsuas thib ob, qhov tseeb, thiab kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv CT rau switchgear.
8. Txhawb kev tiv thaiv substation
Tam sim no transformers tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob substations.
Substations tej zaum yuav muaj siab - circuits tam sim no uas xav tau kev ntsuas thiab kev tiv thaiv.
CTs tuaj yeem muab cov teeb liab tam sim no rau kev tiv thaiv xws li:
* Kev tiv thaiv overcurrent
* Kev tiv thaiv sib txawv
* Kev tiv thaiv transformer
* Kev tiv thaiv feeder
* Kev tiv thaiv Busbar
Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv sib txawv muaj cov kev cai CT sib txawv.
Vim li no, kev xaiv CT yuav tsum ua raws li kev tiv thaiv tag nrho - qauv tsim es tsis yog qhov piv txwv tam sim no xwb.
9. Pab nrog Load Management
Kev ntsuas qhov tseeb tam sim no tuaj yeem pab cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag siab tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob faib li cas.
Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw muaj, piv txwv li, CTs tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm cov khoom noj loj lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Kev ntsuas tam sim no tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas:
* Siab - khoom siv thauj khoom
* Load hloov
* Kev thauj khoom tsis sib xws
* Tej yam tshwm sim overload
* Cov qauv siv hluav taws xob
Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm kev thauj khoom zoo dua thiab kev npaj hluav taws xob.
10. Txhawb kev saib xyuas chaw taws teeb
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub siv hluav taws xob ntau zuj zus siv kev saib xyuas digital thiab lub zog- tswj hwm.
CTs tuaj yeem muab cov cim qhia tam sim no rau cov cuab yeej saib xyuas tau zoo, uas tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub zog tswj lossis lub zog- kev tswj hwm platform.
Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm saib xyuas cov khoom hluav taws xob yam tsis tau kuaj xyuas ib tus neeg circuits.
Thaum ua ke nrog lwm yam kev ntsuas hluav taws xob, CT cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem pab cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej txawv txav sai dua.
11. Kev txhim kho hluav taws xob pom kev pom
Ib qho kev faib khoom tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo yam tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha txog tam sim no ntws.
CTs muab qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm qhov siab -tam sim no lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab kev saib xyuas.
Los ntawm kev txhim kho CTs ntawm qhov chaw muaj tswv yim, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem saib xyuas:
* Cov khoom tseem ceeb tam sim no
* Feeder tam sim no
* Transformer tam sim no
* Lub cev muaj zog tam sim no
* Generator tam sim no
* Cov khoom siv tus kheej thauj khoom
Qhov no tsim kom pom kev zoo dua ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob txav mus los ntawm kev faib khoom network.
12. Kev txiav txim siab xaiv CT tseem ceeb
Thaum xaiv CT rau lub zog faib hluav taws xob, ntau qhov ntsuas yuav tsum tau ntsuas.
Thawj qhov tam sim no
Qhov ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no yuav tsum ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm tam sim no thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev.
Secondary Tam sim no
Cov kev ntsuas theem nrab yog 1A thiab 5A. Tus nqi xaiv yuav tsum tau sib xws nrog cov cuab yeej txuas nrog.
Qhov tseeb Class
Cov chav kawm raug yuav tsum sib phim rau daim ntawv thov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum CT siv rau kev ntsuas lub zog.
Burden
CT lub nra hnyav yuav tsum tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav theem nrab, suav nrog cov cables thiab cov khoom siv txuas nrog.
Rwb thaiv tsev Level
CT's rwb thaiv tsev ntsuas yuav tsum tsim nyog rau qib voltage thiab installation ib puag ncig.
Saturation yam ntxwv
Cov ntawv thov kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum muaj kev ua kom zoo txaus kom cov CT tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tam sim no thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum.
Lub cev Configuration
CT yuav tsum haum rau qhov chaw muaj kev teeb tsa thiab kev teeb tsa tus neeg xyuas pib.
Kev xav txog kev nyab xeeb
Tam sim no transformers yuav tsum ib txwm muab ntsia thiab tswj raws li cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus cov lus qhia thiab siv hluav taws xob kev ruaj ntseg cov cai.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau lub voj voog thib ob. Lub zog CT theem nrab yuav tsum tsis txhob cia li qhib vim qhov hluav taws xob txaus ntshai tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Kev txheeb xyuas lub davhlau ya nyob twg kom raug, polarity, grounding, thaiv, thiab cov txheej txheem kuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Rau nruab nrab - thiab siab -voltage distribution systems, installation thiab testing yuav tsum ua los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog.
Xaus
Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub transformer tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim faib mus deb tshaj qhov tsuas yog ntsuas tam sim no.
CTs muab kev txo qis tam sim no rau cov ntsuas hluav taws xob, kev saib xyuas, thiab kev tiv thaiv relays. Lawv txhawb kev saib xyuas feeder, peb -theem ntsuas, kev tiv thaiv switchgear, kev tiv thaiv substation, tswj kev thauj khoom, thiab kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob tam sim no.
Qhov tseeb CT yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no, qhov ntsuas thib ob, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tseeb, lub nra, qib rwb thaiv tsev, tus yam ntxwv saturation, tsim lub cev, thiab daim ntawv thov.
Thaum xaiv kom raug, teeb tsa, thiab khaws cia, tam sim no transformers muab cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha uas pab lub zog faib hluav taws xob ua haujlwm zoo, ua tau zoo, thiab kwv yees.