"Size" rau surge tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej (SPDs) tsis txhais hais tias lub cev qhov ntev - nws hais txog kev ntsuas hluav taws xob, surge tam sim no muaj peev xwm, hom kev faib tawm, thiab qhov system voltage sizing. Hauv qab no yog ib kauj ruam -los ntawm - cov lus qhia kauj ruam los xaiv qhov loj me.
1. Ua ntej: Match System Voltage (Critical Sizing Step)
Xaiv ib qho SPD nrog rau qhov tseeb MCOV (Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua) sib piv koj lub zog hluav taws xob:
• 120V ib leeg-theem (North America): MCOV Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 150 V
• 230V ib leeg-theem (EU, Asia): MCOV Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 275 V
• 400V peb-theem: MCOV Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 440 V
Tsis txhob siv qhov ntsuas SPD rau qhov qis qis txuas ntxiv - nws yuav ua tsis tiav.
2. Loj qhov Surge Tam sim no Ratings (In / Imax / Iimp)
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb (IEC 61643):
1. Iimp (Impulse tam sim no) - Hom 1 SPD nkaus xwb
Rau kev pheej hmoo hluav taws xob ncaj qha (kev pabcuam hauv tsev loj).
• Kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas: 12.5 kA, 25 kA (10/350 μs waveform)
Siv qhov no yog tias koj lub tsev raug qhib rau thaj chaw qhib, muaj lub pas nrig, lossis qhov chaw nyob deb nroog.
2. Imax (Ntau tshaj tawm tam sim no, 8/20 μs) - Hom 1+2 / Hom 2 SPDs
Qhov loj tshaj plaws SPD tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob ib zaug.
• Vaj huam sib luag nyob: Imax=40 kA ~ 60 kA
• Commercial / industrial main vaj huam sib luag: Imax=80 kA ~ 120 kA
• Lub tshav kub kub: 120 kA lossis siab dua
3. Hauv (Nominal paug tam sim no, 8/20 μs)
Standard xeem tam sim no; Yam tsawg kawg nkaus pom zoo: 20 kA rau feem ntau cov kev teeb tsa.
Cov cai yooj yim sizing los ntawm qhov chaw:
• Hom 1+2 (Kev pabcuam nkag, kev pheej hmoo xob laim): Iimp 12.5 kA + Imax 100 kA+
• Hom 2 (Sub- vaj huam sib luag, qauv tsev / chaw ua haujlwm): Imax 40–60 kA
• Hom 3 (Nyob ze cov cuab yeej rhiab nkaus xwb): qhov ntsuas me me tam sim no (10–20 kA), tsuas yog rau kev tiv thaiv zoo thib ob, tsis tuaj yeem hloov vaj huam sib luag SPDs.
3. Tus naj npawb ntawm tus ncej (Lwm qhov "loj" yam)
Sib tw ncej rau koj qhov teeb tsa hluav taws xob:
• 120V ib leeg kub + nruab nrab: 2-ncej SPD
• 240V split-theem tsev fais fab (US): 3-ncej (L1, L2, N)
• 3-theem 400V: 4-ncej (3 kab + nruab nrab)
Ib txwm suav nrog kev tiv thaiv nruab nrab thiab lub ntiaj teb uas xav tau los ntawm txoj cai.
4. Fais fab sawb surge protectors (consumer units)
Lawv "loj" yog cim raws li lub zog ntsuas (Joules) thiab clamping voltage:
• Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me: 200–400 Joules (tsis pom zoo rau cov iav kim)
• Computers, TVs, gaming consoles: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1000 Joules
• Siab -tus nqi tsev ua yeeb yam / servers: 2000–4000 Joules
Ib qho tseem ceeb: Joule ntsuam xyuas tsuas yog siv rau ntsaws - nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim strips. Hardwired vaj huam sib luag SPDs siv kA kev ntsuas, tsis yog Joules.
Zone-raws li qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas
6. Feem ntau yuam kev thaum Sizing
1. Yuav ib tug me me 3 SPD rau lub ntsiab hluav taws xob vaj huam sib luag (nws yuav hlawv tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug loj surge).
2. Xaiv MCOV tsawg dhau rau koj daim phiaj hluav taws xob.
3. Tsuas yog tso siab rau Joule kev ntsuam xyuas rau hardwired SPDs (Joules tsis yog tus qauv ntsuas kev lag luam).
4. Txo qhov muaj peev xwm tam sim no hauv siab - xob laim.
Daim ntawv teev lus nug ceev kawg
1. Koj qhov system voltage thiab pes tsawg theem yog dab tsi?
2. Puas yog qhov no ntawm lub zog nkag los lossis ze ntawm cov khoom siv?
3. Puas yog qhov chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo rau xob laim?
4. Koj puas xav tau Hom 1, Hom 2, lossis Hom 3 tiv thaiv?