Tam sim no transformers (CTs) yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas siv los nqis peev hauv cov theem pib tam sim no mus rau qib ntsuas kev ntsuas thiab kev tiv thaiv. Kev ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib txuas kom raug, cim piv thiab polarity, rwb thaiv tsev kev ncaj ncees, thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li tsim los ntawm thawj zaug thiab tom qab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Kev sim teb ntawm CTs yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias cov teeb meem tsis pom zoo tuaj yeem ua rau qhov ntsuas tsis raug, kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam tsis raug, lossis txawm tias cov khoom siv puas tsuaj puas tsuaj.
Ua ntej-Test Safety Preparations
Ua ntej kev sim pib, CT thib ob Circuit Court yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb luv luv -circuited kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai los ntawm kev tsim. Txhua qhov txuas txuas txuas txuas ntxiv thiab kev sib txuas hauv av yuav tsum raug txiav tawm raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev sim tshwj xeeb. Thawj sab yuav tsum tau tso tawm tag nrho thiab cais tawm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum siv PPE tsim nyog thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem kaw / tagout.
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb rau CT muaj xws li ob peb kauj ruam. Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tiv thaiv (IR) yog ua los ntawm kev ntsuas megger ntawm 2.5 kV lossis 5 kV, nyob ntawm chav kawm voltage. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi yog feem ntau (kV + 1) MΩ rau thawj- rau- ntiaj teb thiab thawj - rau - theem nrab, thaum theem nrab - mus rau - ntiaj teb thiab tub ntxhais - rau - tub ntxhais yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 1 MΩ. Polarity checks siv DC cell thiab milliammeter los xyuas qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm H1-X1, kom ntseeg tau tias S1 zoo thaum P1 zoo. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib piv suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no rau hauv thawj zaug thiab ntsuas qhov tso zis thib ob kom paub meej tias qhov cim cim.
Cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv muaj xws li ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas cua, ntsuas tus yam ntxwv zoo siab, thiab ntsuas lub nra. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas excitation tau piav qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev tawm dag zog tam sim no, muab kev pom rau hauv kev noj qab haus huv thiab tus cwj pwm saturation.
Cov qauv ntsuas thiab zaus
IEEE C57.13.1 muab cov lus qhia dav dav ntawm kev sim teb rau kev xa tawm CTs, npog cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv, kev ntsuas piv, polarity checks, winding resistance, excitation tests, thiab lub nra hnyav. Kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev ua haujlwm, tom qab kev hloov kho cov xaim loj, thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm niaj hnub - feem ntau txhua txhua 10 xyoo rau kev sim siab thiab rwb thaiv tsev hauv cov kev pabcuam ib txwm muaj. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau CT kev kuaj xyuas kom paub tseeb qhov tseeb thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ntseeg tau thoob plaws hauv cov cuab yeej siv lub neej.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xyuas Tam Sim No Transformer Qhov Tseeb?
Tam sim no transformer raug yog txhais los ntawm ob lub ntsiab tsis: piv txwv yuam kev (tam sim no yuam kev) thiab theem hloov chaw. Cov kev ua yuam kev no tshwm sim vim tias qhov excitation tam sim no siv ib feem ntawm thawj qhov tam sim no, yog li cov khoom siv thib ob tsis yog qhov tseeb scaled replica ntawm thawj tam sim no. Kev tshuaj xyuas CT qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev them nqi hluav taws xob ncaj ncees thiab kev sib koom ua ke tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg.
Txoj kev sib piv Standard
Qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws yog txoj kev sib piv uas tau teev tseg hauv IEC 61869-2. Txoj kev no siv tus qauv CT ntau dua li kev siv, thiab qhov yuam kev ntawm qhov kev sim CT tau txais los ntawm kev sib piv lawv cov lus teb nyob rau hauv tib lub excitation tej yam kev mob. Ob lub CTs nqa tib lub ntsiab tam sim no, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig thib ob tau muab piv nrog kev sib piv tam sim no lossis CT analyzer. Qhov sib txawv yields qhov piv txwv yuam kev thiab theem hloov chaw. Txawm hais tias muaj tseeb heev, txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj qhov loj tam sim no thiab ib puag ncig kev ntsuas ntsuas.
Alternative On -Site Methods
Lwm txoj hauv kev txiav txim siab CT yuam kev los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov hloov kho qhov hloov pauv thiab cov hlau nplaum impedance. Kev ntsuas ntawm magnetizing impedance yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug rau txoj kev excitation tam sim no, uas tsis xav tau qhov chaw siab tam sim no. Cov txheej txheem tsuas yog ib qho kev ntsuas impedance thiab ib millivoltmeter, ua rau ntawm - qhov chaw CT yuam kev ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo. Lwm cov txheej txheem tshwm sim yog ua haujlwm ntawm - qhov chaw ntsuas qhov chaw siv keeb kwm yav dhau los tshem tawm tam sim no thiab tsis yog - ntsuas qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no, uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov tsis raug ntawm 1% mus rau 120% ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam fais fab.
Cov chav kawm raug thiab lees txais
Rau kev ntsuas CTs, chav kawm 0.2 yuav tsum muaj qhov yuam kev tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ± 0.5% thiab theem yuam kev Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li ± 30 feeb. Rau kev tiv thaiv CTs, qhov yuam kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb txwv thawj qhov tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 10% rau 5P cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm. Ib qho 10% kev ua yuam kev nkhaus tsim qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai thib ob lub nra rau ntau yam raug txwv, kom ntseeg tau tias CT tsis saturate thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum.
Kev xav txog tswv yim
Kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua haujlwm thiab tom qab ntawd ib ntus. Lub nra nruab nrab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov ntsuas VA kom tswj tau qhov tseeb. Harmonic- cov khoom nplua nuj tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tseeb, vim tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ua rau muaj qhov sib piv thiab theem tsis raug. Niaj hnub nimno digital calibration systems siv wavelet transforms thiab kub them algorithms tuaj yeem txo qhov ntsuas qhov yuam kev los ntawm 0.5 mus rau 0.2 chav kawm, nrog kev txhim kho yuam kev nce mus txog 62.3% rau 79.1%.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Rwb Thaiv Tsev ntawm Tam Sim No Transformer?
Kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev yog ib txoj hauv kev kuaj mob rau cov transformers tam sim no, vim tias kev rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau luv luv Circuit Court, flashovers, thiab cov khoom puas tsuaj puas tsuaj. Kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm CT thiab feem ntau yog ua los ntawm megohmmeter (megger).
Kev teeb tsa thiab txheej txheem
Ua ntej pib, tshem tawm tag nrho cov CT txuas txuas txuas ntxiv thiab txuas txuas txuas ntxiv. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas suav nrog ntsuas kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm peb khub: thawj rau lub ntiaj teb, thawj mus rau theem nrab, thiab theem nrab rau lub ntiaj teb. Rau thawj-rau-lub ntiaj teb thiab thawj-rau- kev sim theem nrab, 2.5 kV lossis 5 kV megger yuav tsum txaus nyob ntawm chav kawm voltage ntawm CT. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi raug xam raws li (kV + 1) MΩ - piv txwv li, 11 kV CT yuav tsum nyeem 12 MΩ lossis siab dua. Rau theem nrab-rau-lub ntiaj teb thiab cov tub ntxhais-rau- cov kev sim core, 500 V lossis 1 kV megger tuaj yeem siv, nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ntawm 1 MΩ. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yuav tsum tau rov ua dua rau txhua qhov tseem ceeb thib ob.
Kev txhais cov ntsiab lus
Cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis tshua muaj qhia tias muaj kev ya raws, kev kis kab mob, lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev. Kev nyeem ntawv qis dua qhov ntsuas qhov tsawg kawg nkaus qhia tias CT tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm thiab yuav tsum tau qhuav, ntxuav, lossis hloov. Trending rwb thaiv tsev qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau lub sij hawm muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev kwv yees txij nkawm - ib qho kev poob zuj zus qhia tias kev laus rwb thaiv tsev yuav ua tsis tiav.
Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob Ntxiv
Tshaj li qhov ntsuas IR, kev ntsuas kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv suav nrog kev ntsuas dielectric poob (tan delta) thiab ntsuas qhov tso tawm ib nrab. Rau 35 kV thiab saum toj no cov cuab yeej, tan delta yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2.0%. Lub zog zaus tiv thaiv kev ntsuas siv 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau ib feeb, thiab ib nrab tso tawm rau 110 kV thiab cov khoom siv siab dua yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 50 pC.
Ntau zaus thiab cov qauv
Raws li IEEE C57.13.1 thiab FIST cov lus qhia, kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua haujlwm, tom qab kev hloov pauv loj, thiab tsawg kawg txhua 10 xyoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav xws li cov ntug dej hiav txwv lossis chaw tshuaj lom neeg, kev sim ncua sij hawm yuav tsum luv dua - kev tshawb pom ntawm cov roj hauv cov roj- puv CTs yuav tsum ua rau kev sim tam sim thiab kev npaj hloov pauv.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Ntsuas Tam Sim No Transformer Polarity?
Kev ntsuam xyuas polarity yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam uas txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb kev sib raug zoo ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab windings ntawm lub transformer tam sim no. Cov polarity tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau kev tiv thaiv relays ua haujlwm tsis raug, uas ua rau tsis tsim nyog tripping lossis tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau lees paub tias CT cov cim polarity (feem ntau yog P1 / P2 ntawm thawj thiab S1 / S2 ntawm theem nrab) qhia meej txog qhov kev taw qhia tam sim no ntawm cov dej ntws tam sim no.
DC Txhaj Txhaum Txoj Cai
Txoj kev teb feem ntau siv DC cell (1.5 V lossis 3 V) thiab milliammeter lossis AVO meter teem rau mA ntau. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no: ib ntus txuas qhov zoo davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm tes mus rau lub P1 davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm thawj winding thaum saib lub 'meter' txuas nyob rau hauv lub thib ob terminals. Qhov zoo (clockwise) deflection qhia tias S1 yog qhov zoo thaum P1 zoo. Thaum lub xov tooj raug txiav, lub ntsuas yuav tsum pom qhov tsis zoo (anti-clockwise) deflection, lees paub qhov tseeb polarity.
Kev ceev faj tseem ceeb
Thawj qhov yuav tsum tau tso tawm tag nrho ua ntej kev sim. Lub roj teeb yuav tsum tsis txhob txuas nrog lub hauv paus rau lub sijhawm ntev, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cua sov thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj. Hauv ntau -core CTs, lwm cov cores tsis nyob rau hauv kev sim yuav tsum luv luv -circuited. Kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau rov ua dua rau txhua lub cores kom paub tseeb tias ua tiav.
Lwm txoj kev
Cov txheej txheem ntsuas tsis siv neeg siv tau nce ntxiv rau kev txheeb xyuas polarity. Cov cuab yeej no txhaj cov teeb liab paub thiab txiav txim siab polarity raws li kev ntsuas cov lus teb, txo tib neeg kev ua yuam kev thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem xeem. Txoj kev txhaj tshuaj DC tseem siv dav hauv thaj chaw vim nws qhov yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis, tsuas yog xav tau cov cuab yeej yooj yim xwb.
Polarity Marking Verification
Tshaj li qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, cov cim polarity ntawm CT nameplate thiab lub npov davhlau ya nyob twg yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb. Cov cim tsis raug lossis ploj lawm tuaj yeem ua rau kev xaim tsis raug thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Qhov kev sim yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub sij hawm commissioning, tom qab ib qho rewiring, thiab thaum twg kev tiv thaiv relay misoperation yog xav tias yuav. IEEE C57.13.1 tshwj xeeb suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas polarity yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev sim rau kev xa CTs. Qhov zoo polarity yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kev sib txawv, kev taw qhia relays, thiab kev ntsuas lub zog - ib qho kev thim rov qab CT tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Tam Sim No Transformer Ratio Test?
Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas piv qhia tau tias tam sim no transformer tsim qhov tseeb thib ob tam sim no rau cov thawj tam sim no, paub meej tias qhov sib piv qhov tseeb sib npaug ntawm cov ntawv teev npe. Ib qho piv txwv tsis raug ua rau kev ntsuas qhov yuam kev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv relay miscoordination. Qhov kev kuaj no yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm commissioning, tom qab rewiring, thiab thaum ntsuas qhov tsis sib xws yog xav tias yuav.
Txoj Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tseem Ceeb
Txoj kev ncaj nraim feem ntau yog txhaj ib qho tam sim no paub rau hauv thawj qhov winding thiab ntsuas qhov tshwm sim thib ob tam sim no. Kev ntsuas siab siab - tam sim no yog siv los muab cov thawj tam sim no, feem ntau ntawm tus nqi ze rau qhov ntsuas thawj tam sim no rau qhov tseeb tshaj plaws. Qhov ntsuas thib ob tam sim no muab piv nrog tus nqi xav tau suav los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe piv. Piv txwv li, 200: 5 CT yuav tsum ua raws nraim 5 A hauv theem nrab thaum 200 A ntws los ntawm thawj. Ib qho kev sib txawv dhau ntawm chav kawm qhov tseeb qhia tau hais tias muaj teeb meem.
Txoj kev txhaj tshuaj thib ob
Thaum thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tsis zoo (vim qhov xav tau tam sim no siab), kev txhaj tshuaj thib ob tuaj yeem siv tau. Ib tug paub voltage yog siv rau lub thib ob winding thaum lub hauv paus tseem qhib. Qhov induced voltage ntawm cov thawj terminals yog ntsuas nrog rau cov excitation tam sim no, thiab cov lem kho qhov tseem ceeb thiab piv yog xam. Txoj kev no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ntsuas qhov ntsuas impedance thiab millivoltmeter, tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm qhov loj tam sim no.
Ratio Verification nrog CT Analyzer
Niaj hnub nimno CT analyzers automate qhov kev ntsuas piv los ntawm kev ua ib tug series ntawm kev ntsuas nrog rau winding kuj, excitation yam ntxwv, thiab piv piv. Lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas qhov sib piv tiag tiag thiab muab piv nrog tus nqi npe. Qhov 10% kev ua yuam kev nkhaus kuj tuaj yeem tsim los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev ua yuam kev sib xyaw tseem nyob hauv cov kev txwv uas siv tau thoob plaws qhov kev ua haujlwm.
Kev lees paub thiab cov ntaub ntawv
Rau kev ntsuas CTs, qhov sib piv qhov yuam kev yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov txwv ntawm cov chav kawm raug - feem ntau ± 0.5% rau 0.2 chav kawm lossis ± 1.0% rau 0.5 chav kawm. Rau kev tiv thaiv CTs, qhov yuam kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov raug txwv qhov tseeb yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5% lossis 10% nyob ntawm chav kawm. Cov txiaj ntsig yuav tsum tau sau tseg thiab muab piv nrog cov kev xeem dhau los txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv.
Yuav ua li cas los daws qhov tam sim no Transformer?
Kev daws teeb meem tam sim no ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tam sim no suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas lub hauv paus ua rau tus cwj pwm txawv txav, txawm tias nws tshwm sim raws li kev nyeem tsis raug, overheating, suab nrov txawv txawv, lossis ua tsis tiav. Ib txoj hauv kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov teeb meem raug kuaj xyuas kom raug thiab daws tau zoo.
Kauj Ruam 1: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Pom Kev
Pib nrog kev kuaj pom zoo. Tshawb xyuas lub cev puas tsuaj rau CT vaj tse, tawg lossis tawg tawg, cov cim qhia ntawm overheating (discoloration, burnt tsw), roj leaks nyob rau hauv cov roj-cov units, thiab xoob los yog corroded kev twb kev txuas. Rau kev sib cais-cov tub ntxhais CTs, tshuaj xyuas cov core mating nto rau cov khib nyiab lossis qhov khoob uas ua rau muaj kev sib nqus tsis txaus.
Kauj Ruam 2: Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob
Ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thib ob uas siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ntsuas cov terminals xoob lossis cov xov hlau tawg. Ib qho qhib hluav taws xob thib ob tuaj yeem tsim cov hluav taws xob txaus ntshai thiab yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd. Tshawb xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws los yog rwb thaiv tsev degradation. Sib piv qhov ntsuas qhov piv nrog rau daim ntawv teev npe kom paub tseeb qhov tseeb.
Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Ntsuas Teeb Meem
Tshawb xyuas CT tso zis teeb liab rau distortion, suab nrov, lossis hloov tsis tu ncua. Cov teeb liab cuam tshuam, xoob cuam tshuam, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas qhov hloov pauv yog cov teeb meem tshwm sim thaum ua haujlwm. Harmonics, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog 3rd harmonic tshaj 15% ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, yuav qhia tau tias tseem ceeb saturation.
Kauj Ruam 4: Kev ntsuas hnyav thiab thauj khoom
Xam tag nrho cov teeb meem thib ob (cable resistance plus txuas nrog cov cuab yeej impedance) thiab muab piv nrog cov ntsuas VA. Lub nra hnyav dhau mus thawb lub CT core mus rau saturation, nce excitation tam sim no thiab tag nrho qhov yuam kev-. Ib qho overburdened CT tej zaum yuav saturated thaum lub sij hawm faults, ua rau relay misoperation.
Kauj Ruam 5: Keeb Kwm Kev Tshawb Fawb
Raws li cov tsos mob thiab kev ntsuas, txiav txim siab qhov laj thawj. Feem ntau ua rau muaj xws li kev sib txuas xoob, rwb thaiv tsev degradation, core saturation, harmonic distortion, tsis raug thaiv, lossis kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev. Sau tag nrho cov kev tshawb pom thiab siv cov kev kho kom raug, xws li los ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg nruj kom ua tiav CT hloov.
Dab tsi yog cov teeb meem tshwm sim nrog tam sim no Transformers?
Tam sim no transformers, thaum muaj zog thiab txhim khu kev qha, muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv thov teb. Kev nkag siab txog cov teeb meem no ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas zoo thiab daws teeb meem sai dua thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
Secondary Circuit Qhib-Circuit
Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws CT txhaum. Thaum lub voj voog thib ob qhib vim yog lub davhlau ya nyob twg xoob lossis cov xaim tawg, thawj qhov tam sim no dhau los ua cov hlau nplaum tam sim no, ua rau cov tub ntxhais loj saturation. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai ntawm qhov qhib lub davhlau ya nyob twg, uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem CT winding, kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom sib txuas, thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Core Saturation
Saturation tshwm sim thaum thawj qhov tam sim no tshaj CT's linear kev khiav hauj lwm ntau yam, ua rau cov tub ntxhais kom saturate thiab qhov thib ob tam sim no los ua distorted. Ua rau muaj xws li kev txhaum tam sim no ntau dhau, DC offset nyob rau hauv thawj tam sim no, seem flux los ntawm yav dhau los faults, thiab overburdening ntawm lub thib ob Circuit Court. Saturated CTs tsim cov teeb liab cuam tshuam loj heev, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo lossis tsis ua haujlwm.
Rwb thaiv tsev Degradation
Ntev -lub sij hawm raug rau ya raws, plua plav, kub cycling, thiab overvoltage txheej xwm degrades CT rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov no manifests raws li poob rwb thaiv tsev tsis kam, ib feem tawm, thiab thaum kawg rwb thaiv tsev puas. Roj- puv CTs yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov roj xau, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj.
Ratio thiab Phase yuam kev
Kev ua yuam kev tuaj yeem txhim kho nyob rau lub sijhawm vim muaj qhov luv luv, qhov tseem ceeb degradation, lossis hloov lub nra. Kev ntsuas ntau dhau yog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov zis impedance mismatch, zaus teb incompatibility, los yog ntev mem tes poob -tawm. Lwm yam xws li kev sib haum xeeb- nplua nuj loads kuj ua rau muaj kev sib piv thiab theem tsis raug.
Mechanical thiab Installation Teeb meem
Split-cov tub ntxhais CTs yog qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm huab cua sib txawv thaum cov core mating nto tsis raug ntxuav thiab ua kom zoo. Qhov sib txawv tshaj 0.2 hli tuaj yeem degrade qhov piv txwv yuam kev mus rau ntau tshaj ± 1.5%, deb tshaj 0.5 chav kawm. Kev sib txuas xoob, xaim tsis raug, thiab kev teeb tsa lub kaum sab xis yog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim.
Vim li cas Tam sim no Transformer Overheating?
Overheating ntawm lub transformer tam sim no yog ib qho mob hnyav uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm, kev puas tsuaj los ntawm CT thiab ua tiav CT. Kev txheeb xyuas cov hauv paus hauv paus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv txoj kev kho kom raug.
Secondary Circuit Qhib-Circuit
Qhov ua rau mob hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm CT overheating yog qhov qhib hluav taws xob thib ob. Thaum qhov thib ob qhib thaum thawj cov dej ntws, tag nrho cov thawj tam sim no ua magnetizing tam sim no. Qhov no ua rau cov tub ntxhais saturate hnyav heev, ua rau cov hlau poob ntau heev (hysteresis thiab eddy tam sim no poob). CT heats sai, thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem hlawv lossis puas. Cov tub ntxhais tseem tuaj yeem khaws cov hlau nplaum tseem ceeb, mus tas li ua rau CT yuam kev.
Overload thiab dhau qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no
Thaum cov thawj tam sim no tshaj li CT qhov ntsuas tsis tu ncua thermal tam sim no, qhov nce flux ceev thiab tooj liab poob (I²R) ua kom muaj cua sov ntau dhau. Ntev - lub sij hawm dhau los ua rau cov tub ntxhais flux ceev kom ncav cuag saturation lossis supersaturation, ua rau CT yuam kev thiab ua rau qhov kub tsis zoo. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb hauv kev faib khoom uas qhov kev loj hlob tsis sib xws los ntawm kev hloov kho CT.
Tshaj dhau Secondary Burden
Ib lub nra hnyav dua li qhov ntsuas VA yuam lub CT los tsim cov hluav taws xob ntau dua, uas ua rau kom muaj zog tam sim no thiab cov tub ntxhais poob. Lub zog ntxiv dissipated nyob rau hauv lub nra Circuit Court thiab nyob rau hauv lub CT nws tus kheej nce qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub. Cov xwm txheej no feem ntau muab zais vim tias CT tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm lub Hoobkas kuaj ntawm lub nra hnyav tab sis overheat hauv kev pabcuam tiag tiag nrog lub nra tag nrho txuas.
Harmonic{0}}Induced Losses
Nonlinear loads txhaj tshuaj harmonics rau hauv lub waveform tam sim no, nce eddy tam sim no thiab hysteresis poob hauv cov tub ntxhais. Harmonic tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau cov cua sov hauv cheeb tsam txawm tias qhov tam sim no tseem ceeb nyob hauv qhov ntsuas. Qhov thib 3 harmonic yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb vim nws ntxiv rau qhov flux nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas ua rau kom poob.
Rwb thaiv tsev Degradation
Deteriorated los yog noo noo- rwb thaiv tsev tsis muaj paug tau txo dielectric zog thiab muaj zog to tam sim no, uas generates tshav kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov no ua rau nws tus kheej - lub voj voog nrawm dua qhov uas cov cua sov ntxiv ua rau lub rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau qhov kawg ntawm kev tawg.
Kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob
Infrared thermal imaging yog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj pom qhov kub tsis zoo nce - ib txwm CT qhov kub nce yuav tsum tsawg dua 40 K. Yog tias pom tias muaj cua sov dhau lawm, tshawb xyuas tam sim rau qhov qhib qhov hluav taws xob, ntsuas lub nra nruab nrab, thiab txheeb xyuas cov theem pib tam sim no. Cov kev kho kom raug suav nrog kev sib txuas kom nruj, txo lub nra, txhim kho CTs nrog cov kev ntsuas siab dua, lossis hloov cov chav nyob tsis zoo.
Vim li cas Tam sim no Transformer tsim cov ntawv nyeem tsis raug?
Kev nyeem ntawv tsis raug los ntawm lub tshuab hloov tam sim no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam ua rau xws li kev teeb tsa tsis raug mus rau cov khoom siv degradation. Kev kuaj mob kom raug yuav tsum tau nkag siab ob qho tib si CT nws tus kheej thiab tag nrho cov kev ntsuas ntsuas.
Ratio thiab Phase yuam kev
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm CT ntsuas qhov yuam kev yog qhov excitation tam sim no - ib feem ntawm cov thawj tam sim no uas magnetizes lub hauv paus es tsis yog hloov mus rau theem nrab. Vim hais tias excitation tam sim no siv ib feem me me ntawm cov thawj tam sim no, cov zis theem nrab yog ib txwm tsawg dua tus nqi zoo tagnrho. Qhov no ua rau qhov sib piv qhov yuam kev (qhov yuam kev loj heev) thiab theem hloov pauv (qhov thib ob tam sim no tsis raws nraim hauv theem nrog thawj tam sim no).
Secondary Burden Mismatch
Thaum lub nra sib txuas (cables, meters, relays) tshaj li CT's rated VA, qhov nce voltage hla qhov thib ob winding rub ntau excitation tam sim no, nce ob qho tib si piv thiab theem yuam kev. CT calibrated nyob rau hauv lub laboratory nrog luv luv leads thiab tsis tshua muaj load yuav qhia tau hais tias tsis ua hauj lwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob nrog rau qhov tseeb load txuas.
Harmonic Distortion
Nonlinear loads xws li variable - zaus tsav, converters, thiab hluav taws xob ballasts txhaj cov harmonics uas distort lub waveform tam sim no. CTs tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm sinusoidal ua rau muaj kev ua yuam kev nrog kev sib haum xeeb- nplua nuj tam sim no. Kev soj ntsuam kev soj ntsuam tau pom tias thaum CT qhov tseeb yog siab nyob rau hauv ze - sinusoidal mob, nws deteriorates nrog nce waveform distortion thiab load tam sim no. Cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb siab dua ua rau THD thiab ua rau theem hloov pauv ntawm cov thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no.
Core Saturation
Thaum CT core saturates - txawm tias los ntawm qhov txhaum tam sim no, DC offset, los yog seem flux - qhov thib ob tam sim no waveform yuav loj heev. Qhov tsis zoo ib nrab- lub voj voog yuav raug txiav lossis tshem tawm tag nrho, ua rau cov cuab yeej ntsuas sau npe tsis raug RMS qhov tseem ceeb. Saturation kuj ua rau DC tivthaiv nyob rau hauv theem nrab uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov cuab yeej txuas.
Kev teeb tsa thiab kev sib txuas
Cov polarity tsis raug, thim rov qab txuas txuas ntxiv, lossis tsis raug hauv av tuaj yeem ua rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis raug. Rau kev sib cais-cov tub ntxhais CTs, ib qho misaligned lossis cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov tub ntxhais mating nto qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua zoo uas ua rau muaj kev sib nqus tam sim no thiab ua yuam kev. Kev teeb tsa lub kaum sab xis tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau sib nqus Circuit Court asymmetry.
Residual Magnetism
Tom qab ua txhaum loj, CT core yuav khaws cov hlau nplaum seem (remanence). Qhov no hloov qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm B-H nkhaus, txo qhov muaj peev xwm viav vias thiab nce qhov yuam kev. Demagnetization yuav tsum tau ua kom rov zoo li qub.
Yog vim li cas tam sim no Transformer ua Saturated?
Saturation tshwm sim thaum lub magnetic flux ceev nyob rau hauv lub CT core tshaj cov khoom saturation txwv, ua rau cov tub ntxhais poob nws lub peev xwm los hloov linearly tam sim no. Thaum saturated, qhov thib ob tam sim no tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov thawj tam sim no, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev thiab kev ntsuas qhov yuam kev.
Primary Overcurrent thiab Fault Currents
Qhov feem ntau ua rau saturation yog thawj qhov tam sim no tshaj qhov CT qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb txwv. Thaum lub caij luv luv, qhov txhaum tam sim no tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 mus rau 20 zaug lossis ntau dua ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no. Thaum lub CT tej zaum yuav raug tsim los tiv thaiv cov tam sim no thermally, cov tub ntxhais yuav saturate magnetically. Tam sim no transformers feem ntau yog tsim los nqa mus txog 20 lub sij hawm ntsuas tam sim no yam tsis muaj ntau tshaj 10% kev ua yuam kev, tab sis saturation tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias qhov txhaum tam sim no muaj ntau yam AC lossis DC Cheebtsam-.
DC Offset hauv Fault Currents
Fault tam sim no feem ntau muaj cov DC decaying tivthaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum qhov txhaum tshwm sim nyob ze ntawm ib tug voltage xoom- hla. Qhov no DC offset tsav cov tub ntxhais flux mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, txo qhov muaj flux viav vias nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia thiab ua rau thaum ntxov saturation. Qhov hnyav yog nyob ntawm X / R piv ntawm lub kaw lus thiab qhov taw qhia - ntawm - nthwv dej ntawm qhov pib ua txhaum.
Remnant Flux
Hlau -Core CTs tuaj yeem khaws tau qhov sib nqus sib nqus loj heev tom qab tshem tawm thawj qhov tam sim no. Qhov seem flux no cuam tshuam qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm B-H nkhaus, yog li txawm tias cov dej ntws nruab nrab tuaj yeem thawb cov tub ntxhais mus rau hauv saturation. Remanence yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb tom qab tshem tawm qhov txhaum thiab ua ntej CT demagnetized.
Tshaj dhau Secondary Burden
Lub nra hnyav nce qhov voltage uas CT yuav tsum tsim. Qhov no thawb lub CT core mus rau saturation los ntawm kev ua kom cov excitation tam sim no xav tau. Qhov 10% kev ua yuam kev nkhaus txhais qhov siab tshaj plaws uas tso cai rau lub nra nruab nrab rau ntau yam kev txwv qhov tseeb kom muaj qhov yuam kev sib xyaw hauv qhov txwv.
Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Txom Nyem
Cov tswv yim los tiv thaiv CT saturation suav nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais, siv cov kev txwv qhov tseeb siab dua CTs, txo lub nra nruab nrab, kev ua haujlwm ib ntus (TPY chav kawm) CTs rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj kev pheej hmoo remanence siab, siv huab cua -gap cores rau linearization, thiab siv los tiv thaiv -remnance ntsuas. Cov txheej txheem kuaj pom siv cov txheej txheem ua cov teeb liab los txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm saturation thiab rov tsim kho lub teeb liab tam sim no thaum lub sijhawm saturated.
Yuav ua li cas tuav lub Transformer tam sim no?
Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias tam sim no transformers txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm raug thiab ntseeg tau thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej kev pabcuam. Ib txoj haujlwm tu vaj tse ua ke ua ke nrog kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag, ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab kev saib xyuas tus mob txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem ua ntej lawv ua tsis tiav.
Routine Visual Inspections
Kev kuaj pom txhua hli lossis peb lub hlis twg yuav tsum kuaj xyuas CT sab nrauv rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev, tawg, tawg, thiab cov tsos mob ntawm overheating. Rau cov roj- puv CTs, xyuas cov roj xau thiab xyuas cov roj qib. Tshawb xyuas cov kev sib txuas ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg kom nruj thiab corrosion. Rau kev sib cais-cov tub ntxhais CTs, xyuas kom meej tias cov core mating nto yog huv si thiab zoo sib xws. Ntxuav CT nto ib ntus kom tsis txhob muaj plua plav thiab kev sib kis los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev.
Infrared Thermography
Infrared thermal imaging yog ib qho zoo uas tsis yog -invasive diagnostic cuab tam rau kev soj ntsuam qhov kub thiab txias txawv txav. Qhov kub ntawm CT li qub yuav tsum tsawg dua 40 K. Kev kuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua txhua xyoo lossis ntau zaus hauv kev teeb tsa tseem ceeb. Sib piv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov CTs zoo sib xws thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub nyob rau lub sijhawm yuav pab txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem tshwm sim.
Kev kuaj hluav taws xob
Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob ib ntus tsim cov pob txha ntawm CT txij nkawm. Rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv kev ntsuam xyuas xyuas kev ruaj ntseg ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab xyuas cov dej noo ingress. Kev ntsuam xyuas qhov sib piv thiab polarity paub meej tias qhov tseeb thiab raug xaim. Excitation tests ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov yam ntxwv saturation. Secondary winding kuj ntsuas ntsuas xoob kev sib txuas thiab tus neeg xyuas pib degradation. Raws li FIST cov lus qhia, cov kev sim no yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua haujlwm, tom qab kev hloov pauv loj, thiab nyob rau ib ntus txog li 10 xyoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj.
Burden Verification
Tag nrho lub nra nruab nrab yuav tsum tau ntsuas thiab muab piv nrog cov ntsuas VA. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov khoom siv ntxiv tuaj yeem raug ntxiv rau hauv lub voj voog thib ob, ua rau lub nra hnyav dhau ntawm CT qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum. Kev txheeb xyuas lub nra hnyav ua kom paub tseeb tias qhov teeb meem zais no raug kuaj pom ntxov.
Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav - thaj chaw ntug hiav txwv dej, cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, siab - qhov chaw av noo - CTs xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Kev sib txuas sib txuas, cov dej tsis sib haum, thiab kev tu tsis tu ncua pab txhawb lub neej kev pabcuam. Cov roj xau hauv cov roj- puv CTs yuav tsum ua rau muaj kev sim tam sim thiab hloov kev npaj.
Yuav tsum tau kuaj tam sim no Transformer ntau npaum li cas?
Kev ntsuas zaus rau tam sim no transformers nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev teeb tsa, ib puag ncig, cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab cov qauv siv tau. Ib qho kev pheej hmoo-raws li txoj hauv kev sib npaug tus nqi ntawm kev sim tawm tsam qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsis tiav.
Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Tom Qab-Kev Xeem Ua Haujlwm
Tag nrho cov CTs yuav tsum raug kuaj kom zoo thaum pib ua haujlwm. Kev ntsuam xyuas muaj xws li rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv, polarity, kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib piv, winding resistance, excitation yam ntxwv, thiab kev ntsuas lub nra. Tom qab ib qho kev hloov pauv loj lossis cuam tshuam rau cov kab hluav taws xob thib ob, cov CTs cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau rov kuaj xyuas kom paub tseeb.
Routine Periodic Testing
Raws li cov kev pabcuam ib txwm muaj, cov sijhawm kuaj niaj hnub no feem ntau yog 10 xyoo rau kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev xeem excitation. Lub sijhawm saib xyuas FIST pom zoo kom muaj kev sim siab thiab kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob txhua 10 xyoo rau kev ua haujlwm li qub -. Txawm li cas los xij, CTs uas tau saib xyuas sab nraud nrog cov cuab yeej ywj pheej hloov pauv yuav xav tau tsis muaj kev saib xyuas txhua lub sijhawm.
Cov Sijhawm Ua Haujlwm nrawm nrawm
Kev ntsuam xyuas ntau zaus tau lees paub hauv qee yam xwm txheej. Rau CTs nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav - high humidity, ntsev tsuag, tshuaj raug, los yog siab harmonic distortion - xeem ncua sij hawm yuav tsum luv luv mus rau 5 xyoo los yog tsawg dua. Roj- puv CTs yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam pom txhua xyoo rau cov dej xau thiab bushing. Hauv kev teeb tsa uas CT tseem ceeb rau cov phiaj xwm kev tiv thaiv, kev sim txhua xyoo lossis ob xyoos yuav raug tsim nyog.
Cov xwm txheej -Kev xeem raws li
Txoj kev hloov mus rau qhov xwm txheej-raws li kev saib xyuas siv txuas ntxiv lossis ncua sij hawm los txiav txim seb qhov kev sim xav tau tiag tiag. Online calibration txoj kev tuaj yeem ntsuas CT qhov tseeb yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub zog, ntsuas qhov yuam kev ntawm 1% mus rau 120% ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no. Infrared thermography muab qhov yooj yim, tus nqi -cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas zoo uas tuaj yeem ua txhua hli lossis peb lub hlis twg ntawm tus nqi tsawg.
Regulatory thiab Standard Requirements
IEEE C57.13.1 thiab IEC 60044-1 muab cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau kev kuaj CT, thaum cov kev cai hauv zos (xws li DL / T 596 hauv Suav teb) qhia cov sijhawm xeem yuav tsum tau ua. Ua raws li cov qauv no ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ntsuas qhov tseeb.
Dab tsi ua rau tam sim no Transformer ntsuas yuam kev?
Tam sim no transformer ntsuas qhov yuam kev tshwm sim los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, ob qho tib si sab hauv mus rau CT tsim thiab sab nraud rau nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Kev nkag siab txog cov laj thawj no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv CTs tsim nyog, tsim qauv ntsuas, thiab txhais cov txiaj ntsig ntsuas.
Excitation Tam sim no - Qhov Tseem Ceeb yuam kev
Tag nrho cov electromagnetic CTs muaj qhov yuam kev tshwm sim los ntawm excitation tam sim no. Lub hauv paus tam sim no faib ua ob yam: qhov thib ob tam sim no thiab qhov excitation tam sim no uas magnetizes cov tub ntxhais. Txij li thaum lub excitation tam sim no tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub thib ob tso zis, theem nrab tam sim no ib txwm me ntsis tsawg tshaj li qhov zoo tagnrho tus nqi. Qhov no ua rau qhov kev ua yuam kev (qhov sib txawv loj) thiab theem hloov pauv (lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no xoom- hla).
Cov teebmeem ntawm Burden
Lub nra nruab nrab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau CT yuam kev. Lub nra hnyav impedance yuav tsum muaj qhov siab dua theem nrab voltage, uas nyob rau hauv lem draws ntau excitation tam sim no, ua rau ob qho tib si piv thiab theem yuam kev. Ib qho CT qhov tseeb yog feem ntau teev ntawm ib lub nra hnyav; kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub nra sib txawv hloov cov yam ntxwv yuam kev. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov khoom siv ntxiv ntxiv rau hauv lub voj voog thib ob tuaj yeem thawb lub nra dhau qhov ntsuas VA, ua rau qhov tseeb tsis zoo.
Zaus thiab Harmonic Effects
CTs yog tsim los rau ntau zaus, feem ntau 50 lossis 60 Hz. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsis yog - ntsuas zaus hloov pauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm impedance thiab yuam kev. Harmonic- cov dej nplua nuj tam sim no los ntawm cov khoom tsis sib xws yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb - cov kev tshawb fawb sim tau pom tias CT qhov tseeb tsis zoo nrog kev nce waveform distortion, nrog qhov loj dua piv thiab theem tsis raug ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb dua. Qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm RMS qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis yog kab ua rau muaj kev kwv yees ntawm qhov tseeb tam sim no.
Kev kub ntxhov
Qhov kub thiab txias hloov cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis kam ntawm cov windings thiab cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov tub ntxhais, ua rau yuam kev drift. Kev kub siab ua kom muaj zog winding tsis kam, uas hloov lub nra thiab cov yam ntxwv yuam kev. Niaj hnub nimno digital calibration systems suav nrog kub them nyiaj algorithms uas tuaj yeem txo qhov yuam kev ntawm 0.5 txog 0.2 chav kawm, ua tiav qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 24.8 dB.
Kev teeb tsa-Cov teeb meem cuam tshuam
Cov teeb meem kev teeb tsa xws li polarity tsis raug, cov tub ntxhais tsis zoo sib txuas hauv kev sib cais -core CTs, thiab electromagnetic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze qhia txog qhov yuam kev. Ib qho kev sib cais-core CT nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua ntau tshaj 0.2 hli tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib piv yuam kev degraded mus rau ntau dua ± 1.5%, deb tshaj 0.5 chav kawm txwv.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Txhim Kho Tam Sim No Transformer Measurement Accuracy?
Kev txhim kho CT ntsuas qhov tseeb suav nrog kev xaiv kom raug, ua tib zoo teeb tsa, ntsuas ntsuas tsis tu ncua, thiab siv cov txheej txheem them nyiaj siab tshaj. Txhua txoj hauv kev hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov teeb meem yuam kev.
Kev xaiv kom raug thiab qhov loj me
Xaiv CT nrog cov chav kawm raug tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov yog qhov tseem ceeb. Metering daim ntawv thov feem ntau xav tau 0.2 lossis 0.5 chav kawm CTs, thaum cov ntawv tiv thaiv siv 5P lossis 10P chav kawm. Xaiv CT nrog qhov ntsuas VA txaus thiab qhov ntsuas tam sim no nyob ze rau qhov kev cia siab ua haujlwm tam sim no ua kom CT ua haujlwm hauv nws thaj tsam feem ntau. Kev loj hlob ntawm CT (siv qhov kev ntsuas ntau dua li qhov xav tau) txo qhov tseeb ntawm qhov qis qis vim tias cov tub ntxhais ua haujlwm ntawm qhov qis flux.
Burden Management
Khaws lub nra nruab nrab hauv qhov ntsuas VA yog qhov tseem ceeb. Siv cov kab hluav taws xob qis qis qis, txo qhov ntev ntawm cov cables, thiab xaiv cov khoom siv txuas nrog lub siab input impedance. Kev tshuaj xyuas ib ntus ntawm lub voj voog thib ob kom paub meej tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv ntxiv tau ntxiv uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau tshaj qhov ntsuas. 10% kev ua yuam kev nkhaus tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab lub nra hnyav tshaj plaws rau qhov raug txwv qhov tseeb.
Calibration thiab Compensation
Kev ntsuas tsis tu ncua tawm tsam tus qauv CT ua kom paub tseeb tias qhov ua tsis raug thiab tuaj yeem them rov qab. Niaj hnub nimno digital calibration systems siv advanced algorithms nrog rau wavelet hloov suab nrov lim, kub them, thiab theem kho. Cov tshuab no tau pom tias muaj peev xwm txo qis kev ntsuas qhov yuam kev los ntawm 0.5 txog 0.2, nrog kev txhim kho yuam kev ntawm 62.3% mus rau 79.1%. SVM- raws li theem kev ua yuam kev kho cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem kwv yees thiab kho cov theem tsis raug tshwm sim los ntawm excitation tam sim no nrog qhov tseeb thiab ruaj khov.
Harmonic Compensation
Rau kev teeb tsa nrog qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm kev sib haum xeeb, siv cov txheej txheem kev sib haum xeeb ua kom zoo dua qub. Tiag-Lub sijhawm kuaj pom qhov yuam kev ua ke nrog kev sib raug zoo them nyiaj algorithms thiab AI-raws li kev kwv yees ua qauv tuaj yeem txhim kho CT kev ntseeg siab hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb- nplua nuj lub zog sib txuas.
Installation Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws
Xyuas kom meej polarity kom raug, tsim nyog hauv av ntawm ib qho chaw nkaus xwb, huv si core mating nto rau phua-core CTs, thiab tsawg kawg electromagnetic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze. Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, xav txog kev siv kev ntsuas -kev tiv thaiv- kev sib xyaw CTs raws li cov hybrid cores thiab magnetic field sensors uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev ntsuas thiab kev tiv thaiv.
Thaum twg yuav tsum tau hloov pauv tam sim no?
Kev txiav txim siab lub sijhawm zoo los hloov lub tshuab hloov tam sim no yuav tsum ntsuas kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb, kev lag luam, thiab kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Hloov cov peev txheej thaum ntxov dhau lawm; Hloov cov khoom txaus ntshai dhau los ua tsis tiav, ntsuas qhov tsis raug, thiab kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb.
Hnub nyoog-Raws li Kev Hloov Hloov
Qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub transformer tam sim no uas tsis tshua muaj qhov tsis ua haujlwm yog kwv yees li 40 xyoo. Hnub nyoog-raws li cov kev hloov pauv feem ntau siv qhov no los ua qhov pib, tab sis qhov kev txiav txim siab hloov tiag tiag yuav tsum xav txog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. CTs nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav lossis raug cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej nquag tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kawg- ntawm- lub neej sai dua-.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Degradation Triggers
Ib qho CT yuav tsum tau hloov thaum nws qhov tseeb tau degraded dhau qhov kev txwv rau nws daim ntawv thov thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm calibration lossis kho. Rau metering CTs, thaum qhov kev sib piv yuam kev dhau ntawm chav kawm txwv (± 0.5% rau 0.2 chav kawm, ± 1.0% rau 0.5 chav kawm) txawm tias tsim nyog lub nra thiab kev teeb tsa, kev hloov pauv tau qhia. Rwb thaiv tsev tsis kam uas tau poob qis dua qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas tau txais txiaj ntsig - lossis qhia tau hais tias ib qho kev poob qis zoo ib yam - qhia txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau hloov.
Kev nyab xeeb-Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb
Tej yam xwm txheej yuav tsum hloov tam sim ntawd. Cov roj xau hauv cov roj- puv CTs yuav tsum ua rau muaj kev sim tam sim thiab kev npaj hloov pauv vim tias cov chav no yuav ua tsis tau zoo. Kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev xws li tawg lossis tawg bushings, bulged rooj, los yog pov thawj ntawm sab hauv arcing yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim. Ib qho CT uas tau ntsib qhov txhaum loj nrog cov tub ntxhais puas tsuaj lossis cov hlau nplaum seem yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam thiab yuav hloov pauv, vim tias demagnetization yuav tsis tuaj yeem kho qhov tseeb.
Obsolescence thiab Upgrades
CTs yuav xav tau kev hloov pauv thaum cov kev hloov pauv yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv. Load kev loj hlob uas tshaj CT qhov kev ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua, ntxiv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tshiab uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li CT's VA qhov ntsuas, lossis kev hloov pauv hauv qhov kev ua txhaum theem uas tshaj li CT qhov raug txwv qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tshwm sim rau kev hloov kho tshiab.
Kev soj ntsuam thiab kev soj ntsuam kev pheej hmoo
Ib txoj hauv kev siv tau siv cov ntaub ntawv saib xyuas mob, ntsuas cua sov, thiab ntsuas lub sijhawm los faib CTs rau hauv pawg: zoo (tsis tseem ceeb), nruab nrab, thiab phem (tseem ceeb heev). Kev hloov qhov tseem ceeb yog muab raws li qhov kev faib tawm no ua ke nrog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. CTs hauv Circuit Court tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm thawj lub cim ntawm kev degradation, thaum tsis yog - ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb CTs tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv nrog kev saib xyuas ntau zaus.