Qhov ntsuas zaus ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tam sim no qhia txog qhov zaus lossis zaus ntawm qhov CT qhov tseeb thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov qauv CTs feem ntau yog tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm 50 Hz lossis 60 Hz, nyob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob hauv cheeb tsam uas lawv yuav raug teeb tsa. Qhov ntsuas zaus yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis zoo vim tias CT tus yam ntxwv sib nqus -thiab yog li nws qhov tseeb thiab tus cwj pwm saturation-nyob ntawm qhov zaus ntawm qhov tam sim no hloov pauv.
Cov kev ntsuas zaus tshaj plaws yog 50 Hz thiab 60 Hz. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ob zaus no yog txiav txim los ntawm lub hwj chim system infrastructure ntawm lub teb chaws los yog cheeb tsam. Teb chaws Europe, Asia, Africa, thiab feem ntau ntawm South America siv 50 Hz systems, thaum North America thiab ib feem ntawm South America thiab Asia siv 60 Hz systems. Ntau cov CTs niaj hnub no yog tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm 50 Hz thiab 60 Hz, nrog rau qhov ntsuas zaus tau teev tseg raws li "50/60 Hz" ntawm daim ntawv teev npe. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm dual - zaus no muab qhov hloov tau yooj yim rau cov ntawv thov uas CT yuav raug siv nyob rau hauv ntau cheeb tsam lossis qhov chaw zaus yuav hloov pauv.
Qhov ntsuas zaus cuam tshuam rau ntau yam ntawm CT kev ua haujlwm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tshwm sim yog nyob rau hauv lub core flux. Qhov voltage induced nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding yog proportional rau tus nqi ntawm kev hloov ntawm cov magnetic flux, uas yog ncaj qha proportional rau zaus. Rau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tam sim no thiab theem nrab, qhov xav tau ntawm cov tub ntxhais flux qis dua ntawm cov zaus ntau dua thiab siab dua ntawm cov zaus qis dua. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias CT tsim rau kev ua haujlwm 50 Hz yuav saturate ntawm qhov qis thawj tam sim no thaum ua haujlwm ntawm 60 Hz, thiab rov ua dua.
Qhov tseeb ntawm CT yog teev ntawm nws qhov ntsuas zaus. Qhov tseeb ntawm tam sim no transformers yog teev los ntawm cov chav kawm raws li tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm zaus ntawm 50/60 Hz piv txwv li sinusoidal tam sim no. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zaus sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas zaus tuaj yeem ua rau qhov yuam kev tiag tiag kom dhau qhov txwv qhov tseeb hauv chav kawm. Qhov kev ua yuam kev thiab theem tsis raug yog ob qho tib si zaus- nyob ntawm, thiab lawv tus cwj pwm ntawm off- zaus nominal nyob ntawm CT tus tsim thiab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb.
Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob tiag tiag, cov qauv waveform tam sim no tsis tshua muaj sinusoidal. Nonlinear loads xws li sib txawv - drives ceev, hluav taws xob converters, thiab compact fluorescent teeb qhia harmonics uas distort lub waveform tam sim no. Cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau CT qhov tseeb vim tias CT cov lus teb rau kev sib haum xeeb sib txawv ntawm nws cov lus teb rau qhov tseem ceeb zaus. Cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb nce tag nrho cov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab ua rau theem kev hloov pauv ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no. Rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj kev sib haum xeeb tseem ceeb, CTs nrog cov lus teb dav dav thiab tsis tshua muaj kev sib haum xeeb yuav tsum raug xaiv.
Cov lus teb zaus ntawm CT yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb thiab kev tsim winding. Ntawm cov zaus ntau dua, eddy tam sim no poob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais nce, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov raug thiab ua rau lub nra hnyav ntxiv. Ntawm qhov tsawg zaus, cov tub ntxhais flux nce ntxiv rau qhov muab qhov hluav taws xob, uas ua rau muaj qhov ua rau ntxov ntxov saturation. Tus kws tsim qauv CT yuav tsum sib npaug cov teebmeem no kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo thoob plaws qhov kev xav tau ntau zaus.
Qee daim ntawv thov xav tau CTs nrog cov kab txuas txuas ntxiv. Piv txwv li, kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob zoo yuav xav tau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib haum xeeb txog li 50th harmonic lossis dhau mus. Rau cov ntawv thov no, CTs nrog ntau zaus txuas mus rau ob peb kilohertz muaj. Tus cwj pwm ntawm 50/60 Hz tam sim no transformers los ntawm 20 Hz mus rau 10 kHz tau kawm kom nkag siab tias tus qauv CTs zoo li cas rau kev ntsuas tam sim no ntawm ntau zaus uas tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov ntsuas zaus kuj cuam tshuam rau CT lub impedance thiab voltage poob yam ntxwv. Ntawm cov zaus ntau dua, qhov inductive reactance ntawm qhov thib ob winding nce, uas ua rau CT lub nra hnyav thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov raug. Lub nra ntawm cov cuab yeej sib txuas kuj tseem sib txawv nrog cov zaus, tshwj xeeb yog tias lawv muaj cov khoom siv inductive lossis capacitive. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm tag nrho lub nra thiab, yog li, hauv CT qhov tseeb.
Cov ntawv thov kev tiv thaiv qhia txog kev txiav txim siab ntau zaus. Kev tiv thaiv relays yuav tsum teb sai sai rau qhov txhaum tam sim no, uas tej zaum yuav muaj DC Cheebtsam thiab cov zaus sib haum xeeb ntxiv rau qhov tseem ceeb zaus. CT lub peev xwm los tsim kom raug cov kev txhaum tam sim no nyob ntawm nws cov lus teb zaus. Kev tiv thaiv CTs feem ntau yog tsim los nrog cov lus teb dav dua li kev ntsuas CTs kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tau zoo txaus thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum.
Kev xaiv ntawm CT nrog qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb thiab kev tiv thaiv txhim khu kev qha. Siv 50 Hz CT nyob rau hauv 60 Hz system (los yog vice versa) tuaj yeem ua rau qhov raug yuam kev uas dhau CT cov chav kawm txwv. Hauv cov kab ke uas qhov zaus yuav sib txawv- xws li hauv cov microgrids hauv koog pov txwv lossis thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub cev -CTs nrog qhov ntsuas qhov dav dua lossis yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov ntsuas zaus yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas txhais tau hais tias kev khiav hauj lwm ntau zaus uas CT qhov tseeb thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Kev xaiv kom raug ntawm qhov ntsuas zaus - sib phim rau lub zog zaus zaus thiab cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb xav tau - yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom ntseeg tau thiab ntsuas qhov tseeb tam sim no thoob plaws txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm.